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英語の形容詞一覧：基礎から上級まで350語
語彙学習

英語の形容詞一覧：基礎から上級まで350語

#形容詞 #品詞 #語彙 #単語リスト #文法
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形容詞は言葉に命を吹き込む単語です。形容詞がなければ、すべてが平坦になります：”I saw a dog” が “I saw a huge, scruffy, adorable dog” になります。名詞は同じでも、形容詞がサイズ、状態、感情的な反応 — すべてを3語で描き出します。

英語には何千もの形容詞がありますが、多くの学習者は同じ20語ばかり使いがちです：good, bad, big, small, nice, happy, sad, beautiful, ugly, old, new, young, fast, slow, easy, hard, hot, cold, long, short。これらは使えますが、英語が基本的で単調に聞こえてしまいます。

このガイドでは、レベル（A1〜C1）とカテゴリー（外見、性格、サイズ、評価など）別に整理した350の形容詞を紹介します。各形容詞には明確な定義と例文が含まれています。体系的に語彙をアップグレードするための参考書としてお使いください。

  • 収録数: 350の形容詞
  • 整理方法: CEFRレベル（A1〜C1）と意味カテゴリー
  • 形式: 形容詞 → 意味 → 例文
  • こんな方に: 語彙力強化、ライティング改善、試験対策

使い古された形容詞の言い換えは、よく使う単語の同義語：200以上のアップグレードをご覧ください。

形容詞とは？

形容詞は名詞を描写・修飾する単語です。以下のような質問に答えます：

  • どんな種類？ — a tall building, a beautiful sunset
  • いくつ？ — several options, few mistakes
  • どれ？ — this book, that car
  • どのくらい？ — enough time, little patience

文中での形容詞の位置

位置 例 ルール
名詞の前 a red car 最も一般的な位置
連結動詞の後 The car is red. be, seem, look, feel, taste, smell, sound の後
名詞の後 something interesting 不定代名詞（something, anything, nothing）の後

複数の形容詞の語順

名詞の前に複数の形容詞を使う場合、英語では特定の語順に従います：

意見 → サイズ → 年齢 → 形 → 色 → 出身 → 材質 → 目的

語順 例
意見 + サイズ a beautiful large house
意見 + 年齢 a lovely old church
サイズ + 色 a small red car
意見 + 出身 + 材質 an expensive Italian leather bag
サイズ + 年齢 + 色 a big old brown dog

“a beautiful old Italian painting” と言います — 決して “an Italian old beautiful painting” とは言いません。

A1〜A2：基本形容詞（100語）

外見と身体的描写

# 形容詞 意味 例文
1 big 大きい They live in a big house.
2 small 小さい She has a small apartment.
3 tall 背が高い He is very tall — about 190 cm.
4 short 背が低い；短い She is short but strong.
5 long 長い The movie was really long.
6 old 年をとった My grandmother is 85 years old.
7 young 若い She’s too young to drive.
8 new 新しい I got a new phone yesterday.
9 beautiful 美しい What a beautiful view!
10 ugly 醜い The building is really ugly.
11 clean きれいな The kitchen is very clean.
12 dirty 汚い His shoes are dirty from the mud.
13 fat 太った The cat is getting fat.
14 thin 細い；薄い She’s very thin.
15 dark 暗い；色が濃い The room is too dark to read.
16 light 明るい；軽い The bag is very light.
17 heavy 重い This box is too heavy to carry.
18 round 丸い The table is round.
19 flat 平らな The land here is flat.
20 sharp 鋭い Be careful — that knife is sharp.

感情と性格

# 形容詞 意味 例文
21 happy 幸せな She looks very happy today.
22 sad 悲しい He was sad to leave.
23 angry 怒った Don’t make her angry!
24 tired 疲れた I’m so tired after work.
25 hungry お腹が空いた Are you hungry? Let’s eat.
26 thirsty のどが渇いた I’m really thirsty — can I have water?
27 scared 怖がっている She’s scared of spiders.
28 nice いい、感じの良い He’s a very nice person.
29 kind 親切な That was very kind of you.
30 funny おもしろい She tells really funny jokes.
31 quiet 静かな The library is quiet.
32 loud うるさい The music is too loud.
33 friendly フレンドリーな People here are very friendly.
34 brave 勇敢な The firefighter was very brave.
35 lazy 怠惰な Don’t be lazy — study harder.
36 busy 忙しい Sorry, I’m very busy today.
37 stupid 愚かな That was a stupid mistake.
38 smart 賢い She’s the smartest kid in class.
39 strong 強い He’s very strong.
40 weak 弱い I felt weak after the illness.

質と評価

# 形容詞 意味 例文
41 good 良い This is a really good book.
42 bad 悪い The weather is bad today.
43 great 素晴らしい；大きい That’s a great idea!
44 terrible ひどい The food was terrible.
45 easy 簡単な The test was easy.
46 hard 難しい；硬い Math is hard for some people.
47 fast 速い She’s a fast runner.
48 slow 遅い The internet is really slow.
49 hot 暑い；熱い The coffee is too hot.
50 cold 寒い；冷たい It’s very cold outside.
51 warm 暖かい The water is warm.
52 cool 涼しい；かっこいい It’s cool outside today.
53 expensive 高い（値段が） The restaurant is too expensive.
54 cheap 安い The food is cheap and good.
55 free 無料の；自由な Entry is free on Sundays.
56 rich 裕福な She’s very rich.
57 poor 貧しい The family is very poor.
58 safe 安全な This neighborhood is safe.
59 dangerous 危険な The road is dangerous at night.
60 important 重要な Education is very important.

色・味・その他の基本語

# 形容詞 意味 例文
61 red 赤い She wore a red dress.
62 blue 青い The sky is bright blue today.
63 green 緑の The park is very green in summer.
64 black 黒い He drives a black car.
65 white 白い The walls are white.
66 yellow 黄色い She bought yellow flowers.
67 sweet 甘い This cake is very sweet.
68 sour 酸っぱい The milk has gone sour.
69 salty 塩辛い The soup is too salty.
70 spicy 辛い I love spicy food.
71 delicious おいしい The pasta was delicious!
72 horrible ひどい、不快な The taste was horrible.
73 open 開いた The door is open.
74 closed 閉まった The shop is closed today.
75 full いっぱいの The glass is full.
76 empty 空の The room is empty.
77 wet 濡れた My shoes are wet.
78 dry 乾いた Is the paint dry yet?
79 right 正しい；右の That’s the right answer.
80 wrong 間違った You gave the wrong address.
81 same 同じ We have the same birthday!
82 different 異なる The two plans are very different.
83 next 次の The next bus leaves in 10 minutes.
84 last 最後の This is the last chance.
85 first 最初の She was the first to arrive.
86 ready 準備ができた Are you ready to go?
87 sure 確かな Are you sure about this?
88 true 本当の Is that story true?
89 real 本物の Is that a real diamond?
90 possible 可能な Is it possible to change the date?
91 simple 簡単な The instructions are simple.
92 difficult 難しい The question was difficult.
93 special 特別な Today is a special day.
94 popular 人気のある This song is very popular.
95 famous 有名な She’s a famous actress.
96 common よくある Colds are common in winter.
97 main 主な What’s the main problem?
98 only 唯一の He’s the only child.
99 own 自分自身の I want my own room.
100 whole 全体の I ate the whole pizza.

英語の形容詞の語順：意見、サイズ、年齢、形、色、出身、材質、目的

B1〜B2：中級形容詞（130語）

性格と人柄

# 形容詞 意味 例文
101 ambitious 野心的な She’s very ambitious — she wants to be CEO.
102 arrogant 傲慢な He’s talented but incredibly arrogant.
103 confident 自信のある She’s confident in her abilities.
104 creative 創造的な The designer is very creative.
105 curious 好奇心旺盛な Children are naturally curious.
106 generous 寛大な She’s very generous with her time.
107 honest 正直な I appreciate your honest opinion.
108 humble 謙虚な Despite his success, he remains humble.
109 jealous 嫉妬深い She’s jealous of her sister’s success.
110 loyal 忠実な He’s a loyal friend.
111 mature 成熟した She’s very mature for her age.
112 optimistic 楽観的な She’s optimistic about the future.
113 pessimistic 悲観的な Don’t be so pessimistic — we’ll be fine.
114 patient 忍耐強い Teachers need to be very patient.
115 polite 礼儀正しい The staff are always polite.
116 reliable 頼りになる She’s the most reliable person I know.
117 sensible 分別のある That’s a sensible decision.
118 sensitive 繊細な She’s very sensitive to criticism.
119 shy 恥ずかしがりの He’s too shy to speak in public.
120 stubborn 頑固な She’s too stubborn to admit she’s wrong.

外見と描写

# 形容詞 意味 例文
121 attractive 魅力的な She’s an attractive woman.
122 brilliant とても明るい；とても賢い The sun is brilliant today.
123 charming 魅力的な What a charming little village!
124 elegant 上品な She wore an elegant dress.
125 enormous 巨大な The house has an enormous garden.
126 fascinating 非常に興味深い The documentary was fascinating.
127 gorgeous とても美しい The sunset was gorgeous.
128 handsome ハンサムな（通常男性に） He’s a very handsome man.
129 huge 非常に大きい There’s a huge crowd outside.
130 massive 大規模な The storm caused massive damage.
131 narrow 狭い The road is too narrow for two cars.
132 neat きちんとした Her desk is always neat.
133 pale 色が薄い；青白い She looked pale and tired.
134 rough 粗い The surface feels rough.
135 smooth 滑らかな The baby’s skin is so smooth.
136 steep 急な The hill is very steep.
137 thick 厚い The walls are very thick.
138 tiny とても小さい She lives in a tiny apartment.
139 vast 広大な The Sahara is a vast desert.
140 wide 幅広い The river is very wide here.

感情と状態

# 形容詞 意味 例文
141 anxious 不安な She’s anxious about the interview.
142 ashamed 恥ずかしいと感じている He was ashamed of his behavior.
143 confused 混乱した I’m confused by the instructions.
144 content 満足した She felt content with her life.
145 delighted とても喜んだ I’m delighted to meet you.
146 desperate 必死な He’s desperate for a job.
147 disappointed がっかりした She was disappointed with the result.
148 embarrassed 恥ずかしい思いをしている He was embarrassed by the mistake.
149 exhausted 疲れ果てた I’m completely exhausted.
150 frustrated イライラした She’s frustrated with the slow progress.
151 grateful 感謝している I’m grateful for your help.
152 impressed 感銘を受けた I was impressed by her presentation.
153 lonely 孤独な She felt lonely in the new city.
154 nervous 緊張した He’s nervous about the exam.
155 overwhelmed 圧倒された She was overwhelmed by the workload.
156 proud 誇りに思う Her parents are very proud.
157 relieved 安心した I was relieved when the results came back.

質・状況・抽象的な概念

# 形容詞 意味 例文
158 accurate 正確な The report is accurate.
159 appropriate 適切な That outfit isn’t appropriate for the office.
160 available 利用可能な Is this room available?
161 capable 能力のある She’s a very capable manager.
162 complex 複雑な The problem is more complex than we thought.
163 convenient 便利な The hotel is in a convenient location.
164 crucial 極めて重要な Timing is crucial.
165 effective 効果的な The medicine was effective.
166 essential 不可欠な Water is essential for life.
167 familiar よく知っている The name sounds familiar.
168 flexible 柔軟な We need a flexible schedule.
169 frequent 頻繁な Frequent exercise improves health.
170 genuine 本物の Is this a genuine leather bag?
171 gradual 段階的な There was a gradual improvement.
172 inevitable 避けられない Change is inevitable.
173 obvious 明白な The answer is obvious.
174 permanent 永久的な The damage is permanent.
175 pleasant 心地よい We had a pleasant conversation.
176 practical 実用的な We need a practical solution.
177 previous 前の In the previous chapter…
178 rapid 急速な The country saw rapid growth.
179 reasonable 妥当な The price is reasonable.
180 relevant 関連のある Is this information relevant?
181 severe 深刻な The storm caused severe damage.
182 significant 重要な There was a significant change.

その他の中級形容詞

# 形容詞 意味 例文
183 absent 不在の She was absent from school.
184 aware 気づいている Are you aware of the risk?
185 brief 短い She gave a brief speech.
186 broad 広い He has broad shoulders.
187 calm 穏やかな Stay calm — everything is fine.
188 certain 確信している I’m certain she’ll agree.
189 constant 絶え間ない The constant noise is annoying.
190 current 現在の What’s the current situation?
191 deep 深い The lake is very deep.
192 entire 全体の She read the entire book.
193 extreme 極端な The heat was extreme.
194 fierce 激しい The competition was fierce.
195 firm 固い；断固とした The mattress is very firm.
196 gentle 優しい He has a gentle voice.
197 harsh 厳しい The winter was harsh.
198 ideal 理想的な This is the ideal location.
199 immediate 即座の We need an immediate response.
200 incredible 信じがたい；素晴らしい The view was incredible.
201 independent 独立した She’s very independent.
202 keen 熱心な；鋭い She’s keen to start the project.
203 legal 合法の Is this legal?
204 logical 論理的な That’s a logical conclusion.
205 mild 穏やかな；軽い The weather is mild today.
206 precise 正確な Be more precise in your answer.
207 rare まれな Snow is rare in this region.
208 remote 遠い；辺鄙な They live in a remote village.
209 separate 別々の The rooms are separate.
210 slight わずかな There was a slight delay.
211 steady 安定した The economy showed steady growth.
212 strict 厳格な The teacher is very strict.
213 sudden 突然の There was a sudden change in weather.
214 typical 典型的な That’s a typical response.
215 ultimate 究極の This is the ultimate guide.
216 unique 唯一の；独特な Every fingerprint is unique.
217 urban 都市の Urban areas have higher costs.
218 valuable 価値のある She gave me valuable advice.
219 visible 見える The mountain is visible from here.
220 vital 不可欠な Sleep is vital for health.
221 vulnerable 脆弱な Children are the most vulnerable.
222 wealthy 裕福な They’re a very wealthy family.
223 annual 毎年の The annual report is ready.
224 artificial 人工の The flowers are artificial.
225 contemporary 現代の She loves contemporary art.

B2〜C1：上級形容詞（125語）

性格と行動

# 形容詞 意味 例文
226 assertive 自己主張のできる She’s assertive without being aggressive.
227 charismatic カリスマ的な He’s a charismatic leader.
228 compassionate 思いやりのある Nurses need to be compassionate.
229 conscientious 勤勉な；良心的な She’s a conscientious worker.
230 cynical 皮肉な；懐疑的な He’s become cynical about politics.
231 diligent 勤勉な She’s a diligent student.
232 eloquent 雄弁な She gave an eloquent speech.
233 empathetic 共感できる Good leaders are empathetic.
234 gullible だまされやすい He’s too gullible — he believes everything.
235 impulsive 衝動的な She made an impulsive purchase.
236 insightful 洞察力のある Her comments were very insightful.
237 meticulous 細部にまで注意深い He’s meticulous about his work.
238 persistent 粘り強い She’s persistent — she never gives up.
239 pragmatic 実利的な We need a pragmatic approach.
240 resilient 回復力のある Children are remarkably resilient.
241 skeptical 懐疑的な I’m skeptical about his claims.
242 spontaneous 自発的な Let’s be spontaneous — go on a road trip!

描写と抽象

# 形容詞 意味 例文
243 abundant 豊富な The region has abundant natural resources.
244 adequate 十分な The budget is adequate for the project.
245 adverse 不利な Adverse weather delayed the flight.
246 ambiguous 曖昧な The instructions are ambiguous.
247 compelling 説得力のある The evidence is compelling.
248 conspicuous 目立つ His absence was conspicuous.
249 controversial 議論を呼ぶ The decision was controversial.
250 conventional 従来の She rejected conventional thinking.
251 deliberate 意図的な It was a deliberate mistake.
252 detrimental 有害な Smoking is detrimental to health.
253 distinct 明確に異なる The two species are distinct.
254 diverse 多様な The city has a diverse population.
255 drastic 抜本的な We need drastic action.
256 elusive つかみどころのない Success remains elusive.
257 exquisite 精巧な；絶妙な The craftsmanship is exquisite.
258 feasible 実行可能な Is the plan feasible?
259 formidable 手ごわい She’s a formidable opponent.

その他の上級形容詞

# 形容詞 意味 例文
260 imminent 差し迫った A decision is imminent.
261 implicit 暗黙の There was an implicit agreement.
262 indispensable 不可欠な She became indispensable to the team.
263 inherent 固有の Risk is inherent in business.
264 intriguing 興味をそそる The discovery is intriguing.
265 lucrative 儲かる He found a lucrative career in tech.
266 mundane 平凡な She wanted to escape her mundane routine.
267 notorious 悪名高い The prison is notorious.
268 obscure 無名の；不明瞭な She referenced an obscure law.
269 paramount 最も重要な Safety is paramount.
270 peculiar 奇妙な That’s a peculiar thing to say.
271 pertinent 適切な；関連のある Is this pertinent to the discussion?
272 plausible もっともらしい His explanation is plausible.
273 predominant 支配的な English is the predominant language.
274 profound 深い；深遠な The book had a profound effect on me.
275 prominent 著名な She’s a prominent figure in politics.
276 redundant 冗長な；不要になった His position was made redundant.
277 rigorous 厳密な The testing was rigorous.
278 robust 堅固な；頑健な The economy is robust.
279 shrewd 抜け目のない She’s a shrewd businesswoman.
280 sophisticated 洗練された The system is sophisticated.
281 staggering 驚くほどの The cost was staggering.
282 stringent 厳しい The regulations are stringent.
283 subsequent その後の In subsequent years, profits rose.
284 substantial かなりの She received a substantial raise.
285 tangible 目に見える；具体的な We need tangible results.
286 tentative 暫定的な We have a tentative agreement.
287 trivial 些細な Don’t waste time on trivial matters.
288 ubiquitous どこにでもある Smartphones are ubiquitous.
289 unprecedented 前例のない The growth was unprecedented.
290 viable 実行可能な Is the plan viable?
291 volatile 不安定な The stock market is volatile.
292 worthwhile 価値のある The training was worthwhile.
293 abrupt 突然の His departure was abrupt.
294 acute 深刻な；鋭い She felt acute pain.
295 ample 十分すぎるほどの There is ample time.
296 arbitrary 恣意的な The decision seemed arbitrary.
297 coherent 首尾一貫した She made a coherent argument.
298 compatible 互換性のある The systems are compatible.
299 comprehensive 包括的な This is a comprehensive guide.
300 concise 簡潔な Write a concise summary.
301 concrete 具体的な We need concrete evidence.
302 durable 耐久性のある The material is durable.
303 elaborate 精巧な；詳細な She gave an elaborate explanation.
304 explicit 明示的な The instructions are explicit.
305 fragile 壊れやすい The vase is fragile.

学術・ビジネス向け形容詞

# 形容詞 意味 例文
306 abstract 抽象的な The concept is too abstract.
307 accessible 利用しやすい The building is wheelchair accessible.
308 authoritative 権威のある She wrote the authoritative guide.
309 chronic 慢性の He suffers from chronic pain.
310 cognitive 認知の Cognitive skills decline with age.
311 collaborative 協力的な It was a collaborative effort.
312 complementary 補完的な The two approaches are complementary.
313 contingent 条件付きの The offer is contingent on funding.
314 credible 信頼できる Is the witness credible?
315 dynamic 活発な；動的な The market is dynamic.
316 ethical 倫理的な Is this an ethical decision?
317 holistic 全体的な We take a holistic approach.
318 incremental 段階的な Change is incremental.
319 innovative 革新的な The company is highly innovative.
320 mandatory 義務的な Attendance is mandatory.
321 nuanced 微妙な違いのある The issue is more nuanced than it seems.
322 proactive 先見的な Be proactive, not reactive.
323 qualitative 質的な We need qualitative research.
324 quantitative 量的な The quantitative data supports this.
325 reciprocal 相互の They have a reciprocal agreement.
326 scalable 拡張可能な The solution must be scalable.
327 simultaneous 同時の There were simultaneous events.
328 subjective 主観的な Beauty is subjective.
329 sustainable 持続可能な We need sustainable energy.
330 systematic 体系的な She took a systematic approach.
331 theoretical 理論的な The model is theoretical.
332 unbiased 偏りのない The report is unbiased.
333 warranted 正当な The criticism was warranted.
334 widespread 広範囲の The problem is widespread.
# 形容詞 意味 例文
335–350 contentious, cumbersome, defiant, dire, exemplary, exhaustive, flawed, fleeting, immutable, impending, intricate, precarious, relentless, resilient, rudimentary, scrupulous 文脈で意味を確認してください これらの上級語は学術論文、ビジネスレポート、質の高いジャーナリズムで登場します。

CEFRレベル別の形容詞：A1-A2基礎、B1-B2中級、B2-C1上級

練習用の形容詞

boom

名詞

辞書に追加

急増, ブーム, 爆発

例

- The boom of thunder echoed across the valley.

- The technology boom created many new millionaires.

cooperate

動詞

辞書に追加

協力する, 協働する

evaluate

動詞

辞書に追加

評価する, 査定する

例

- Companies evaluate job candidates based on experience, skills, and personality.

- Teachers evaluate student progress through tests, projects, and classroom participation.

graduate

動詞

辞書に追加

卒業する

例

- She will graduate from university next year with a degree in engineering.

- Students must complete all requirements before they can graduate from high school.

horizon

名詞

辞書に追加

地平線

例

- The sun disappeared behind the horizon as evening approached.

- Traveling broadens your horizon and exposes you to new cultures.

indispensable

形容詞

辞書に追加

不可欠な

例

- Clean water is indispensable for human survival and good health.

- Her experience and skills make her indispensable to the research team.

jury

名詞

辞書に追加

陪審団, 陪審

例

- The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a verdict.

- The talent show jury consisted of professional musicians and entertainers.

lifelong

形容詞

辞書に追加

一生の, 生涯の

例

- Learning is a lifelong process that never truly ends.

- Their lifelong friendship began during elementary school years.

motivated

形容詞

辞書に追加

やる気のある

例

- Motivated employee seeks additional responsibilities and challenges at work.

- Success requires being motivated even when facing difficult obstacles.

normally

副詞

辞書に追加

通常は, 普通は, ふつうは

例

- Heart normally beats between sixty and hundred times per minute.

- Students normally arrive at school before morning bell rings.

off

副詞

辞書に追加

離れて, 切れて, 休みの

例

- Please turn off the lights before leaving the room.

- The dog ran off into the forest chasing wild rabbits.

prejudice

名詞

辞書に追加

偏見, 先入観, 差別

例

- Education helps overcome prejudice and promotes understanding.

- Racial prejudice damages communities and individuals alike.

resolve

動詞

辞書に追加

解決する, 決意する

例

- Mediator helps parties resolve dispute through negotiation.

- Technical team will resolve software problems quickly.

stress

動詞

辞書に追加

強調する, 緊張させる

例

- Heavy workload may stress employees beyond limits.

- Teacher will stress importance of homework completion.

total

形容詞

辞書に追加

全体の, 総合的な, 完全な

例

- Total cost includes all fees and expenses.

- Total silence fills room during meditation session.

tragedy

名詞

辞書に追加

悲劇

例

- Natural tragedy affects thousands of innocent people.

- Personal tragedy changes person's life perspective completely.

union

名詞

辞書に追加

連合, 結合, 協会

例

- Labor union protects worker rights and interests.

- Marriage union joins two people in partnership.

voyage

名詞

辞書に追加

航海, 旅行

例

- Space exploration represents humanity's greatest voyage into the unknown.

- The ocean voyage from Europe to America took several weeks in the past.

candidate

名詞

辞書に追加

候補者, 志願者

例

- Each presidential candidate presented their policy plans to voters.

- The job candidate impressed the interview panel with her experience.

discourage

動詞

辞書に追加

落胆させる, 思いとどまらせる, 意欲をなくさせる

例

- Don't let one failure discourage you from pursuing your dreams.

- High prices discourage many people from buying organic food products.

donate

動詞

辞書に追加

寄付する

例

- Many people donate money to charities that help homeless individuals.

- She decided to donate blood to help patients in emergency situations.

firmly

副詞

辞書に追加

しっかりと, 堅く

例

- Hold the rope firmly while climbing down the steep mountain slope.

- The manager firmly believed in treating all employees with respect.

guide

動詞

辞書に追加

案内する

例

- Parents should guide their children to make responsible decisions.

- The experienced hiker will guide the group through the mountain trail safely.

humorous

形容詞

辞書に追加

ユーモラスな, 面白い, 滑稽な

例

- She writes humorous articles about everyday life and family experiences.

- The humorous speech made everyone laugh and lightened the serious mood.

admission

名詞

辞書に追加

入場, 入学, 認めること

例

- Her admission to the prestigious medical school was the result of hard work.

- The museum offers free admission on the first Sunday of every month.

ライブラリへ移動

次のステップ

  1. 自分のレベルを確認しましょう。 A1〜A2のリストを見てください。すべて知っていたら、B1〜B2に進みましょう。知らない単語が出始めるレベルに集中してください。

  2. 毎日5つの新しい形容詞を覚えましょう。 それぞれの形容詞を使って、自分の生活についての文を書いてみてください。

  3. 基本的な形容詞を置き換えましょう。 次に “good” と書きそうになったら、止まってより的確な代替語を選びましょう：excellent, remarkable, adequate, decent。

  4. Linglifyに追加して間隔反復で練習しましょう。

  5. 同義語を学びましょう — よく使う単語の同義語：200以上のアップグレードは、使い古された形容詞の的確な代替語を見つけるのに役立ちます。

よくある質問

英語で最も一般的な形容詞トップ10は何ですか？

英語で最も頻繁に使われる形容詞は：good, new, first, last, long, great, little, own, other, old です。これらはほぼすべての会話やテキストに登場します。しかし、あまりにも一般的であるため、最も使い古されてもいます。これらの基本的な形容詞（特に “good,” “great,” “nice”）の同義語を学ぶと、語彙の幅が大幅に向上します。

英語の形容詞の正しい語順は？

英語では特定の語順に従います：意見 → サイズ → 年齢 → 形 → 色 → 出身 → 材質 → 目的 → 名詞。例えば：”a beautiful (意見) large (サイズ) old (年齢) round (形) brown (色) Italian (出身) wooden (材質) dining (目的) table”。ネイティブスピーカーはこの語順を直感的に守っています — ただ「自然に聞こえる」のです。語順を変えると不自然に聞こえます。

一つの文にいくつの形容詞を使うべきですか？

名詞に対して1〜2個が理想的です。3個は創作文（”a beautiful old stone cottage”）なら許容されます。4個以上になると、ぎこちなく読みにくくなります。学術的なライティングでは、的確な形容詞1つの方が、曖昧な形容詞3つよりも優れています：”a comprehensive analysis” は “a really good and complete analysis” より良い表現です。

-ed形容詞と-ing形容詞の違いは？

-ed で終わる形容詞は、人がどう感じているかを表します：”I’m bored”（退屈だと感じている）。-ing で終わる形容詞は、その感情を引き起こすものを表します：”The movie is boring”（映画が退屈さを引き起こしている）。これは最もよくある間違いの一つです：”I’m boring” は、自分が他人に退屈を与えているという意味になり、自分が退屈しているという意味ではありません。

上級形容詞を効果的に学ぶには？

3つの戦略があります：（1）質の高いジャーナリズムや学術テキストを読む — 上級形容詞が自然な文脈で登場します。（2）対義語のペアで学ぶ（abundant/scarce, implicit/explicit, volatile/stable）。（3）間隔反復を使って、単語を認識から能動的使用に移します。最大の間違いは、文脈なしでリストを暗記することです — 形容詞は必ず文の中で学びましょう。

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