어휘 학습

영어 반대말 500개 이상: A–Z 반의어 목록

#반의어 #반대말 #단어 쌍 #어휘 #영어 단어

단어의 반대말을 알면 어휘력이 두 배로 넓어집니다. brave를 배울 때 cowardly도 함께 배우면 단어 하나가 아니라 두 개를 익히는 셈이며, 두 단어를 기억에 남게 하는 의미의 연결망도 만들 수 있습니다. 이는 단순한 이론이 아닙니다. 연구에 따르면 동의어와 반의어를 짝지어 학습하면 단어를 따로 외울 때보다 기억 유지율이 30~40% 높아집니다.

이 목록에는 알파벳순으로 정리한 영어 반대말 쌍 500개 이상이 담겨 있습니다. 각 쌍에는 두 단어를 문맥에서 보여 주는 간단한 예문이 포함되어 있습니다. 학습 참고 자료나 시험 대비 자료로 활용하고, 글을 쓸 때 알맞은 반의어를 찾는 데도 사용해 보세요.

전체: 반대말 쌍 500개 이상
구성: 단어 ↔ 반대말 + 예문
정렬: A–Z 알파벳순
수준: A1–C1
활용: 어휘력 향상, IELTS/TOEFL 대비, 에세이 작성, 일상 회화

동의어와 반의어가 어떻게 함께 쓰이는지 더 자세히 알아보려면 영어 동의어와 반의어 완벽 가이드를 읽어 보세요.

반의어란 무엇인가요?

반의어(antonym)는 다른 단어와 반대되는 뜻을 가진 단어입니다. 이 용어는 그리스어 anti-(반대)와 onoma(이름)에서 유래했으며, 문자 그대로는 ‘반대 이름’이라는 뜻입니다.

단어	반의어
hot	cold
big	small
fast	slow
happy	sad
begin	end

반의어의 세 가지 유형

유형	설명	예시
Gradable	Opposites on a scale; degrees are possible	hot–cold, big–small, fast–slow
Complementary	Either one or the other; no middle ground	alive–dead, true–false, on–off
Relational	Each word implies the other	teacher–student, buy–sell, parent–child

이 목록의 반의어 대부분은 정도가 있는 반의어입니다. 이는 중간에 여러 단계가 있는 스펙트럼의 양 끝을 나타냅니다. 예를 들어 warm은 hot과 cold 사이에 해당합니다.

A–B로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
1	above	below	The painting hangs above the fireplace; the shoes are below the bench.
2	absent	present	Three students were absent; the rest were present.
3	abstract	concrete	Abstract ideas need concrete examples to be understood.
4	accept	reject	She decided to accept the offer rather than reject it.
5	accurate	inaccurate	The report was accurate, but the summary was inaccurate.
6	active	passive	An active learner asks questions; a passive learner just listens.
7	add	subtract	Add the tax, then subtract the discount.
8	admit	deny	He admitted the mistake instead of denying it.
9	advance	retreat	The army advanced in the morning and retreated by evening.
10	after	before	The meeting is after lunch, not before.
11	agree	disagree	I agree with the first point but disagree with the conclusion.
12	alive	dead	The plant looked dead, but it was still alive.
13	allow	forbid	The school allows casual clothes on Fridays but forbids them on exam days.
14	always	never	She always arrives early; he never does.
15	ancient	modern	Ancient ruins stand next to modern skyscrapers.
16	answer	question	Every answer raises a new question.
17	appear	disappear	Stars appear at night and disappear at dawn.
18	approve	disapprove	The board approved the budget but disapproved the staffing plan.
19	arrive	depart	Guests arrive at 6 PM and depart by 10 PM.
20	artificial	natural	The flowers looked real but were artificial, not natural.
21	ascend	descend	We ascended the mountain in the morning and descended before dark.
22	ask	answer	She asked a question, and I answered immediately.
23	asleep	awake	The baby was asleep, but the dog was wide awake.
24	attack	defend	The lawyer attacked the claim, and the witness tried to defend it.
25	attractive	unattractive	The package design was attractive; the old one was unattractive.
26	backward	forward	Take one step backward, then two steps forward.
27	bad	good	The food was bad at that restaurant, but the service was good.
28	beautiful	ugly	The sunset was beautiful; the building next to it was ugly.
29	begin	end	Classes begin in September and end in June.
30	beneficial	harmful	Exercise is beneficial to health; smoking is harmful.
31	best	worst	This is the best pizza I’ve had — and that was the worst.
32	better	worse	The weather is better today than yesterday, but tomorrow will be worse.
33	big	small	She lives in a big house; I live in a small apartment.
34	bitter	sweet	The coffee was bitter without sugar; add some to make it sweet.
35	blame	praise	Don’t blame others when things go wrong; praise them when things go right.
36	bold	timid	She gave a bold speech; he was too timid to speak at all.
37	boring	exciting	The first half was boring, but the second half was exciting.
38	bottom	top	The heaviest items go at the bottom; the lightest at the top.
39	brave	cowardly	The brave firefighter ran in; the cowardly bystander ran away.
40	break	fix	He managed to break the machine, and she managed to fix it.
41	brief	lengthy	Keep the introduction brief; the analysis can be more lengthy.
42	bright	dim	The living room was bright; the hallway was dim.
43	broad	narrow	The river is broad at the delta but narrow near the source.
44	build	destroy	It takes years to build trust and seconds to destroy it.
45	busy	free	I’m busy on Monday, but I’m free on Tuesday.
46	buy	sell	I want to buy a car; she wants to sell hers.

C–D로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
47	calm	anxious	She remained calm while everyone else was anxious.
48	capable	incapable	He’s capable of running the department; the other candidate is incapable.
49	careful	careless	A careful driver avoids accidents; a careless one causes them.
50	cause	effect	Every cause has an effect.
51	cheap	expensive	The generic brand is cheap; the designer version is expensive.
52	cheerful	gloomy	Her cheerful attitude brightened the gloomy office.
53	clean	dirty	The kitchen was clean this morning but dirty by evening.
54	clear	unclear	The instructions were clear; the footnotes were unclear.
55	clever	foolish	A clever strategy beats a foolish one every time.
56	close	open	Close the window if it’s cold; open it if it’s warm.
57	cold	hot	The soup was too cold; the tea was too hot.
58	combine	separate	Combine the ingredients first, then separate the mixture into two bowls.
59	comfort	discomfort	The new chair provides comfort; the old one caused discomfort.
60	common	rare	Pigeons are common in the city; eagles are rare.
61	complex	simple	The tax code is complex; the instructions should be simple.
62	compulsory	voluntary	Attendance is compulsory on weekdays and voluntary on Saturdays.
63	confident	insecure	She seems confident in meetings, but she feels insecure inside.
64	connect	disconnect	Connect the charger to charge; disconnect it when full.
65	conscious	unconscious	He was still conscious after the fall but later became unconscious.
66	constant	variable	The speed was constant; the direction was variable.
67	construct	demolish	They plan to construct a new building after they demolish the old one.
68	continue	stop	Continue reading if you enjoy it; stop if you don’t.
69	correct	incorrect	Your first answer was correct; the second was incorrect.
70	courageous	cowardly	A courageous leader speaks up; a cowardly one stays silent.
71	create	destroy	Artists create; wars destroy.
72	cruel	kind	The villain was cruel; the hero was kind.
73	cry	laugh	The children cry during sad movies and laugh during comedies.
74	curious	indifferent	She was curious about the results; he was completely indifferent.
75	dangerous	safe	The old bridge is dangerous; the new one is safe.
76	dark	light	The basement was dark, but the attic was full of light.
77	dawn	dusk	We started hiking at dawn and returned at dusk.
78	deep	shallow	The ocean is deep in the center and shallow near the shore.
79	defeat	victory	After years of defeat, they finally tasted victory.
80	defend	attack	The lawyer defended the client while the prosecutor attacked the argument.
81	definite	indefinite	We need a definite answer, not an indefinite “maybe.”
82	demand	supply	When demand exceeds supply, prices rise.
83	dense	sparse	The forest was dense near the river and sparse on the hillside.
84	different	similar	The twins look similar but have very different personalities.
85	difficult	easy	The first question was easy; the last one was difficult.
86	divide	unite	Conflict divides people; shared goals unite them.
87	domestic	foreign	Domestic sales are strong, but foreign markets are growing faster.
88	doubt	trust	I doubt his intentions, but I trust his ability.
89	downward	upward	The graph shows a downward trend this quarter after an upward trend last year.
90	dry	wet	The towel was dry this morning and wet by afternoon.
91	dull	sharp	A dull knife is more dangerous than a sharp one.

예문과 함께 A부터 Z까지 알파벳순으로 정리한 반대말 쌍

E–F로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
92	early	late	I arrived early; he arrived late.
93	earn	spend	You need to earn money before you can spend it.
94	east	west	The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
95	easy	hard	The first part was easy, but the second was hard.
96	efficient	inefficient	The new system is efficient; the old one was inefficient.
97	elegant	clumsy	Her movements were elegant; his were clumsy.
98	empty	full	The glass was empty; I filled it until it was full.
99	encourage	discourage	Good teachers encourage students; bad feedback can discourage them.
100	enemy	friend	Yesterday’s enemy can become tomorrow’s friend.
101	enjoy	hate	I enjoy cooking, but I hate cleaning up.
102	enormous	tiny	The cathedral was enormous; the chapel was tiny.
103	enter	exit	Please enter through the front door and exit through the back.
104	equal	unequal	All employees deserve equal treatment, not unequal pay.
105	even	odd	Two is even; three is odd.
106	exact	approximate	I need the exact figure, not an approximate one.
107	expand	contract	Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled.
108	export	import	Japan exports cars and imports oil.
109	external	internal	The external walls are stone; the internal walls are plaster.
110	extra	missing	We have extra chairs but missing tables.
111	fact	fiction	It’s hard to tell fact from fiction in the news.
112	fail	succeed	You may fail ten times before you succeed once.
113	fair	unfair	The decision seemed fair to some but unfair to others.
114	fake	genuine	The painting was fake; the signature was genuine.
115	familiar	unfamiliar	The route was familiar to locals but unfamiliar to tourists.
116	famous	unknown	She went from unknown to famous in a single year.
117	far	near	The airport is far from the city, but the train station is near.
118	fast	slow	Internet in the office is fast; at home it’s slow.
119	fat	thin	The book was fat — over 800 pages; the pamphlet was thin.
120	few	many	A few people came early; many arrived late.
121	final	initial	The final draft was much better than the initial one.
122	find	lose	I always find my keys where I’m most likely to lose them.
123	finish	start	We need to start the project today if we want to finish by Friday.
124	first	last	She was the first to arrive and the last to leave.
125	flat	steep	The road was flat for the first mile, then became steep.
126	flexible	rigid	The company has a flexible schedule, not a rigid one.
127	float	sink	Wood floats; iron sinks.
128	forget	remember	Don’t forget your passport — remember to check before you leave.
129	formal	informal	The dinner is formal; the lunch is informal.
130	fortune	misfortune	One person’s fortune can be another’s misfortune.
131	free	captive	The bird was captive for years before being set free.
132	freeze	melt	Water freezes at 0°C and ice melts above it.
133	frequent	rare	Bus service is frequent in the city but rare in rural areas.
134	fresh	stale	The bread was fresh in the morning and stale by night.
135	front	back	Sit at the front if you want to see; sit at the back for quiet.
136	full	empty	The restaurant was full at 7 PM and empty by 10 PM.

G–I로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
137	gain	lose	You gain experience by working; you lose it by staying idle.
138	general	specific	Give me a specific answer, not a general one.
139	generous	selfish	She’s generous with her time; he’s selfish with his.
140	gentle	rough	Handle the glass with gentle hands, not rough ones.
141	giant	miniature	The giant sculpture stood next to a miniature replica.
142	give	take	It’s better to give than to take.
143	glad	sad	I’m glad you came; I’d be sad if you hadn’t.
144	global	local	The company has both global and local operations.
145	good	bad	The news was good in the morning and bad in the evening.
146	grant	refuse	The bank may grant the loan or refuse it.
147	grateful	ungrateful	Be grateful for what you have, not ungrateful for what you lack.
148	great	terrible	The food was great; the service was terrible.
149	grow	shrink	The economy grew last year but may shrink this year.
150	guilty	innocent	The jury found him guilty, though he claimed to be innocent.
151	happiness	sadness	Happiness and sadness are both part of life.
152	hard	soft	The mattress was too hard; I prefer a softer one.
153	harm	help	Pollution harms the environment; recycling helps it.
154	harsh	mild	The winter was harsh; the spring was mild.
155	hate	love	Some people hate mornings; others love them.
156	healthy	unhealthy	A balanced diet is healthy; fast food daily is unhealthy.
157	heavy	light	The suitcase was heavy; the backpack was light.
158	here	there	The keys are not here — they must be over there.
159	hide	reveal	She tried to hide her disappointment, but her face revealed it.
160	high	low	Prices are high in the city and low in the countryside.
161	hire	fire	The company plans to hire 50 people this year, not fire anyone.
162	honest	dishonest	An honest answer is always better than a dishonest one.
163	hope	despair	Where there is hope, there is no despair.
164	horizontal	vertical	The shelves are horizontal; the poles are vertical.
165	huge	tiny	The difference was huge — not tiny.
166	humble	arrogant	The best leaders are humble, not arrogant.
167	hungry	full	I was hungry before lunch and full afterward.
168	ignore	notice	Don’t ignore the warning signs — notice them early.
169	imaginary	real	The threat turned out to be imaginary, not real.
170	import	export	Countries import what they need and export what they produce.
171	impossible	possible	What seems impossible today may be possible tomorrow.
172	improve	worsen	The situation will improve if we act; it will worsen if we don’t.
173	include	exclude	The price includes breakfast but excludes dinner.
174	increase	decrease	Sales increased in Q1 and decreased in Q2.
175	individual	group	Individual effort matters, but group collaboration is more effective.
176	inferior	superior	The cheap version is inferior; the premium version is superior.
177	innocent	guilty	She was proven innocent after being falsely declared guilty.
178	inside	outside	It’s warm inside but freezing outside.
179	intelligent	stupid	An intelligent decision saves time; a stupid one wastes it.
180	intentional	accidental	The damage was accidental, not intentional.
181	interior	exterior	The interior was renovated; the exterior remains unchanged.
182	invest	withdraw	She chose to invest rather than withdraw her savings.

J–L로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
183	join	separate	The rivers join at the delta and separate upstream.
184	joy	sorrow	Life is a balance of joy and sorrow.
185	junior	senior	She started as a junior developer and became a senior in three years.
186	just	unjust	A just society treats everyone fairly; an unjust one does not.
187	keep	discard	Keep the important files and discard the rest.
188	kind	cruel	A kind word heals; a cruel one wounds.
189	knowledge	ignorance	Knowledge leads to understanding; ignorance leads to fear.
190	land	sea	The journey was partly by land and partly by sea.
191	large	small	We ordered a large pizza, not a small one.
192	laugh	cry	The audience would laugh one moment and cry the next.
193	lazy	hardworking	He’s too lazy to study; his sister is incredibly hardworking.
194	lead	follow	Some people lead; others prefer to follow.
195	legal	illegal	Driving at 60 mph is legal here; 90 is illegal.
196	lend	borrow	I’ll lend you the book if you promise to return it; you can borrow it for a week.
197	less	more	Spend less time worrying and more time acting.
198	lie	truth	A lie travels fast, but the truth catches up eventually.
199	liquid	solid	Water is liquid at room temperature; ice is solid.
200	little	much	I have little patience but much determination.
201	long	short	The movie was too long; the trailer was too short.
202	loose	tight	The shirt was too loose; the jeans were too tight.
203	loud	quiet	The music was loud downstairs and quiet upstairs.
204	love	hate	Thin line between love and hate, they say.
205	low	high	The river is low in summer and high in spring.
206	loyal	disloyal	A loyal friend stays; a disloyal one leaves.
207	lucky	unlucky	She was lucky to win; he was unlucky to miss by one point.

M–O로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
208	major	minor	The major issues are fixed; only minor ones remain.
209	majority	minority	The majority agreed; the minority dissented.
210	male	female	The survey included both male and female participants.
211	many	few	Many applied, but few were selected.
212	mature	immature	A mature response helps; an immature one escalates conflict.
213	maximum	minimum	The maximum speed is 120 km/h; the minimum is 60.
214	mean	generous	Don’t be mean with compliments — be generous.
215	messy	neat	His desk is messy; hers is neat.
216	mild	severe	The symptoms were mild at first but became severe later.
217	modern	traditional	The design blends modern elements with traditional ones.
218	moist	dry	The cake was moist inside and dry on the crust.
219	morning	evening	Exercise in the morning or relax in the evening.
220	narrow	wide	The hallway was narrow; the lobby was wide.
221	natural	artificial	The flavoring is natural, not artificial.
222	neat	messy	Her handwriting is neat; mine is messy.
223	negative	positive	A negative attitude produces negative results; a positive one attracts opportunities.
224	new	old	The new policy replaces the old one.
225	night	day	Owls hunt at night; hawks hunt during the day.
226	noisy	quiet	The restaurant was noisy downstairs but quiet on the terrace.
227	none	all	None of the predictions came true — or perhaps all of them did.
228	normal	abnormal	The test results were normal, not abnormal.
229	north	south	Birds fly south in winter and return north in spring.
230	nothing	everything	He went from having nothing to having everything.
231	obey	disobey	Children who obey rules learn discipline; those who disobey learn consequences.
232	obvious	hidden	The answer was obvious to some but hidden from others.
233	occupied	vacant	The office upstairs is occupied; the one downstairs is vacant.
234	odd	even	The odd-numbered seats are on the left; even ones are on the right.
235	offense	defense	A good offense is the best defense.
236	old	young	The old generation learns from experience; the young generation learns from technology.
237	open	closed	The shop is open on weekdays and closed on Sundays.
238	optimistic	pessimistic	She’s optimistic about the future; he’s pessimistic.
239	order	chaos	The system brought order to what was previously chaos.
240	ordinary	extraordinary	What seemed like an ordinary day became an extraordinary one.
241	outer	inner	The outer layer protects the inner core.
242	over	under	The bridge goes over the river; the tunnel goes under it.

P–R로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
243	part	whole	You only see part of the picture, not the whole thing.
244	partial	complete	The renovation is only partial — the complete version comes next month.
245	pass	fail	She managed to pass the exam, while many others failed.
246	past	future	Learn from the past and plan for the future.
247	patient	impatient	A patient teacher gets better results than an impatient one.
248	peace	war	Nations choose between peace and war.
249	permanent	temporary	The fix is temporary; we need a permanent solution.
250	permit	prohibit	The law permits free speech but prohibits hate speech.
251	plain	fancy	She prefers plain food; he likes fancy restaurants.
252	pleasant	unpleasant	The first impression was pleasant; the second was unpleasant.
253	plenty	scarce	Water is plenty in the valleys and scarce in the desert.
254	polite	rude	A polite email gets a better response than a rude one.
255	poor	rich	The gap between poor and rich continues to widen.
256	possible	impossible	What seems impossible today may be possible tomorrow.
257	powerful	weak	A powerful argument beats a weak one.
258	practical	theoretical	The course has both practical and theoretical components.
259	praise	criticize	It’s easy to criticize and hard to praise.
260	private	public	The meeting was private; the announcement was public.
261	problem	solution	Every problem has a solution.
262	professional	amateur	The professional version costs more; the amateur version is free.
263	profit	loss	The first year showed a profit; the second showed a loss.
264	progress	decline	The economy shows progress in one sector and decline in another.
265	protect	expose	Sunscreen protects the skin; removing it exposes you to UV rays.
266	proud	ashamed	She was proud of her work; he was ashamed of his.
267	push	pull	Push the door to open it; pull to close it.
268	quality	quantity	Focus on quality, not quantity.
269	quick	slow	Send a quick reply — don’t be slow.
270	raise	lower	Raise your hand to ask a question; lower it when done.
271	random	systematic	The approach was random at first, then became systematic.
272	rapid	gradual	The change was rapid in cities and gradual in rural areas.
273	real	fake	Is the diamond real or fake?
274	receive	give	To receive, you must first be willing to give.
275	reduce	increase	We need to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
276	refuse	accept	He refused the first offer but accepted the second.
277	regular	irregular	The bus runs on a regular schedule; the ferry is irregular.
278	reject	accept	The publisher rejected the first manuscript and accepted the revised one.
279	relax	stress	Weekends are for relaxing; weekdays can be stressful.
280	release	capture	The police captured the suspect and released the hostages.
281	reliable	unreliable	The old system was unreliable; the new one is much more reliable.
282	remember	forget	Remember your password — don’t forget it again.
283	repair	damage	The storm damaged the roof, and we repaired it the next day.
284	reply	ignore	Please reply to the email — don’t just ignore it.
285	rest	work	You need to balance rest with work.
286	reveal	conceal	The investigation revealed what they tried to conceal.
287	reward	punish	Reward good behavior and punish rule violations.
288	right	wrong	There’s a right way and a wrong way to apologize.
289	right	left	Turn right at the intersection, not left.
290	rise	fall	Prices rise in summer and fall in winter.
291	rough	smooth	The surface was rough on one side and smooth on the other.
292	rural	urban	Life in rural areas differs greatly from urban areas.

S–T로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
293	sad	happy	She looked sad in the morning but happy by afternoon.
294	safe	dangerous	The neighborhood is safe during the day but dangerous at night.
295	same	different	We have the same goal but very different methods.
296	satisfy	disappoint	The results satisfied the client but disappointed the team.
297	save	waste	Save your energy — don’t waste it on arguments.
298	scatter	gather	The wind scattered the papers we had gathered.
299	seldom	often	I seldom eat fast food; she eats it often.
300	senior	junior	The senior manager mentors the junior staff.
301	serious	playful	He’s always serious; she’s naturally playful.
302	sharp	blunt	A sharp pencil writes well; a blunt one does not.
303	short	tall	The short child stood next to the tall teenager.
304	shout	whisper	Don’t shout — just whisper it to me.
305	show	hide	Show your strengths; don’t hide them.
306	shrink	expand	The market will expand or shrink depending on demand.
307	sick	healthy	She was sick last week but is healthy now.
308	significant	insignificant	The change was significant, not insignificant.
309	silence	noise	The silence of the library contrasted with the noise of the street.
310	silly	serious	Stop being silly — this is a serious matter.
311	simple	complicated	The idea is simple, but the execution is complicated.
312	single	married	He was single for years before getting married.
313	sit	stand	Sit during the presentation; stand during the break.
314	slow	fast	The download was slow; the upload was fast.
315	smooth	rough	The road was smooth in the city and rough in the countryside.
316	sober	drunk	He was sober at the start and drunk by the end.
317	social	antisocial	She’s very social; her brother is somewhat antisocial.
318	solid	liquid	Ice is solid; water is liquid.
319	south	north	They drove south in winter and north in summer.
320	speak	listen	A good leader knows when to speak and when to listen.
321	spend	save	They spend too much and save too little.
322	start	finish	Let’s start now so we can finish early.
323	static	dynamic	The old website was static; the new one is dynamic.
324	straight	curved	The road was straight for miles, then suddenly curved.
325	strange	normal	His behavior was strange — not at all normal.
326	strength	weakness	Knowing your strengths and weaknesses is key to growth.
327	strict	lenient	The new teacher is strict; the old one was lenient.
328	strong	weak	The coffee was strong in the morning and weak by the afternoon.
329	student	teacher	Every student can learn from a good teacher — and every teacher learns from their students.
330	stupid	smart	That was a stupid decision; a smarter one would have saved time.
331	succeed	fail	If you prepare, you will succeed; if not, you may fail.
332	success	failure	Success teaches confidence; failure teaches resilience.
333	sudden	gradual	The change was sudden, not gradual.
334	suffer	enjoy	They suffered through winter but enjoyed the spring.
335	supply	demand	When supply exceeds demand, prices drop.
336	support	oppose	Half the team supports the plan; the other half opposes it.
337	sure	unsure	I’m sure about the date but unsure about the time.
338	surface	depth	The issue is visible on the surface but complex at depth.
339	sweet	sour	The fruit was sweet on the outside and sour on the inside.
340	take	give	Don’t just take — learn to give too.
341	tall	short	The tall buildings blocked the view of the short ones.
342	temporary	permanent	This is a temporary fix; we need a permanent solution.
343	thick	thin	The walls were thick downstairs and thin upstairs.
344	tight	loose	The lid was too tight; make it a bit looser.
345	together	apart	They worked together for years, then moved apart.
346	top	bottom	Start reading from the top and work your way to the bottom.
347	total	partial	We need total agreement, not partial support.
348	tough	tender	The steak was tough on the outside but tender in the middle.
349	transparent	opaque	Glass is transparent; wood is opaque.
350	true	false	Is the statement true or false?
351	trust	distrust	There’s a deep distrust in politics where there should be trust.

U–Z로 시작하는 반대말

번호	단어	반대말	예문
352	ugly	beautiful	The caterpillar was ugly; the butterfly was beautiful.
353	unanimous	divided	The vote was unanimous this time — last time it was divided.
354	under	over	The cat is under the table; the lamp is over it.
355	unique	common	This design is unique; the other is common.
356	unite	divide	Great leaders unite; poor leaders divide.
357	unknown	known	The cause is still unknown; the effect is well known.
358	up	down	Prices went up last month and came down this month.
359	upper	lower	The upper floors have a better view; the lower floors are warmer.
360	urban	rural	Urban life is fast; rural life is slower.
361	useful	useless	A sharp knife is useful; a broken one is useless.
362	vacant	occupied	The seat is vacant — all the others are occupied.
363	vague	precise	Your instructions were vague — please be more precise.
364	valuable	worthless	The painting is valuable; the frame is worthless.
365	victory	defeat	They celebrated victory while we accepted defeat.
366	visible	invisible	The moon was visible last night; tonight it’s invisible behind clouds.
367	voluntary	compulsory	Overtime is voluntary, not compulsory.
368	warm	cool	The coffee was warm; the juice was cool.
369	wealth	poverty	Wealth without purpose feels like poverty of the soul.
370	wet	dry	Hang the wet clothes outside until they’re dry.
371	whole	partial	I want the whole truth, not a partial version.
372	wide	narrow	The highway is wide; the side street is narrow.
373	wild	tame	The horse was wild at first but became tame after training.
374	win	lose	You win some, you lose some.
375	wise	foolish	A wise investment grows; a foolish one shrinks.
376	within	outside	The answer lies within you, not outside.
377	wrong	right	If something feels wrong, it probably isn’t right.

정도형, 상보형, 관계형 반의어의 세 가지 유형과 예시

접두사로 만드는 반의어

영어 반의어 중에는 원래 단어에 접두사를 붙여 만드는 것이 많습니다. 접두사를 익히면 반의어를 규칙에 따라 만들어 낼 수 있습니다.

un-

단어	반의어	예문
happy	unhappy	The results made everyone unhappy.
fair	unfair	The decision was unfair.
comfortable	uncomfortable	The seats were uncomfortable.
likely	unlikely	A comeback seems unlikely.
certain	uncertain	The outcome remains uncertain.

in-/im-/il-/ir-

단어	반의어	예문
possible	impossible	Finishing by Friday is impossible.
polite	impolite	Interrupting is impolite.
legal	illegal	Parking here is illegal.
responsible	irresponsible	That was an irresponsible decision.
accurate	inaccurate	The data was inaccurate.

dis-

단어	반의어	예문
agree	disagree	I completely disagree.
appear	disappear	The fog made the bridge disappear.
honest	dishonest	His answers were dishonest.
connect	disconnect	Please disconnect the cable.
advantage	disadvantage	The main disadvantage is the cost.

mis-

단어	반의어	예문
understand	misunderstand	Don’t misunderstand my intention.
lead	mislead	The headline was misleading.
inform	misinform	Social media can misinform the public.

반의어를 효과적으로 익히는 방법

항상 짝을 지어 배우기

단어를 따로 외우지 마세요. 어휘 목록에 generous를 추가할 때 selfish도 함께 익히세요. 뇌는 서로 연결된 개념을 개별 개념보다 효율적으로 저장합니다.

접두사 전략 활용하기

un-, in-/im-, dis-, mis-를 익히면 수백 개 단어의 반의어를 하나씩 외우지 않고도 만들 수 있습니다. 위 표에서 반의어 열을 가리고 접두사를 사용해 반대말을 떠올려 보세요.

‘반대 의미 문장’으로 연습하기

아무 문장이나 골라 반대 의미가 되도록 다시 써 보세요.

The meeting was long and boring. → The meeting was short and exciting.
She always arrives early. → She never arrives late. (or: She always arrives late.)

이 연습은 반의어를 짝으로 생각하게 해 단어를 더 빠르게 떠올리는 능력을 길러 줍니다.

간격 반복 학습에 추가하기

단어 쌍을 Linglify 사전에 추가하세요. “antonyms”(반의어) 태그를 붙이면 한 묶음으로 복습할 수 있습니다. 복습할 때 두 단어를 함께 보면 서로의 연결이 강화됩니다.

연습할 단어

다음 25개 단어는 자연스러운 영어에서 반의어와 함께 자주 등장합니다. 간격 반복 학습을 위해 Linglify 사전에 추가해 보세요.

boom

명사

예문

- The boom of thunder echoed across the valley.

- The technology boom created many new millionaires.

cooperate

동사

evaluate

동사

예문

- Companies evaluate job candidates based on experience, skills, and personality.

- Teachers evaluate student progress through tests, projects, and classroom participation.

graduate

동사

예문

- She will graduate from university next year with a degree in engineering.

- Students must complete all requirements before they can graduate from high school.

horizon

명사

예문

- The sun disappeared behind the horizon as evening approached.

- Traveling broadens your horizon and exposes you to new cultures.

indispensable

형용사

예문

- Clean water is indispensable for human survival and good health.

- Her experience and skills make her indispensable to the research team.

jury

명사

예문

- The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a verdict.

- The talent show jury consisted of professional musicians and entertainers.

lifelong

형용사

예문

- Learning is a lifelong process that never truly ends.

- Their lifelong friendship began during elementary school years.

motivated

형용사

예문

- Motivated employee seeks additional responsibilities and challenges at work.

- Success requires being motivated even when facing difficult obstacles.

normally

부사

예문

- Heart normally beats between sixty and hundred times per minute.

- Students normally arrive at school before morning bell rings.

off

동사

예문

- Please turn off the lights before leaving the room.

- The dog ran off into the forest chasing wild rabbits.

prejudice

명사

예문

- Education helps overcome prejudice and promotes understanding.

- Racial prejudice damages communities and individuals alike.

resolve

동사

예문

- Mediator helps parties resolve dispute through negotiation.

- Technical team will resolve software problems quickly.

stress

동사

예문

- Heavy workload may stress employees beyond limits.

- Teacher will stress importance of homework completion.

total

형용사

예문

- Total cost includes all fees and expenses.

- Total silence fills room during meditation session.

tragedy

명사

예문

- Natural tragedy affects thousands of innocent people.

- Personal tragedy changes person's life perspective completely.

union

명사

예문

- Labor union protects worker rights and interests.

- Marriage union joins two people in partnership.

voyage

명사

예문

- Space exploration represents humanity's greatest voyage into the unknown.

- The ocean voyage from Europe to America took several weeks in the past.

candidate

명사

예문

- Each presidential candidate presented their policy plans to voters.

- The job candidate impressed the interview panel with her experience.

discourage

동사

예문

- Don't let one failure discourage you from pursuing your dreams.

- High prices discourage many people from buying organic food products.

donate

동사

예문

- Many people donate money to charities that help homeless individuals.

- She decided to donate blood to help patients in emergency situations.

firmly

부사

예문

- Hold the rope firmly while climbing down the steep mountain slope.

- The manager firmly believed in treating all employees with respect.

guide

동사

예문

- Parents should guide their children to make responsible decisions.

- The experienced hiker will guide the group through the mountain trail safely.

humorous

형용사

예문

- She writes humorous articles about everyday life and family experiences.

- The humorous speech made everyone laugh and lightened the serious mood.

admission

명사

예문

- Her admission to the prestigious medical school was the result of hard work.

- The museum offers free admission on the first Sunday of every month.

라이브러리로 이동

다음 단계

스스로 시험해 보세요. ‘반대말’ 열을 가리고 기억을 더듬어 반의어를 떠올리세요. 각 구간을 마친 뒤 답을 확인하세요.
접두사 패턴을 익히세요. un-, in-/im-/il-/ir-, dis-, mis-를 알면 수백 개 단어의 반의어를 만들 수 있습니다. 하루에 새 단어 10개로 연습하세요.
간격 반복 학습을 위해 단어 쌍을 Linglify에 추가하세요. 단어와 반대말을 짝지어 복습하면 두 단어를 동시에 더 잘 익힐 수 있습니다.
완벽 가이드를 읽어 보세요. 영어 동의어와 반의어: 1,000개 이상의 단어 쌍에서 동의어와 반의어를 함께 살펴보고 어휘를 폭넓게 익히세요.
글에서 반의어를 활용하세요. IELTS와 TOEFL 에세이에서 반의어를 사용하면 대조를 명확히 표현할 수 있습니다. “While urban areas are densely populated, rural areas remain sparsely populated.”(도시 지역은 인구가 밀집되어 있지만 농촌 지역은 드문드문 거주합니다.)

자주 묻는 질문

반의어란 무엇인가요? 예시 5개를 들어 주세요.

반의어는 다른 단어와 반대되는 뜻을 가진 단어입니다. 흔한 예시 다섯 가지는 (1) hot–cold(뜨거운–차가운), (2) big–small(큰–작은), (3) fast–slow(빠른–느린), (4) happy–sad(행복한–슬픈), (5) buy–sell(사다–팔다)입니다. 반의어에는 정도가 있는 유형(hot–cold처럼 단계가 있음), 상보적 유형(alive–dead처럼 둘 중 하나인 관계), 관계적 유형(teacher–student처럼 짝을 이루는 역할)이 있습니다.

영어 반대말 100개에는 어떤 단어가 있나요?

이 글에는 A–Z 순으로 정리한 반대말 쌍 377개가 있어 100개보다 훨씬 많습니다. 가장 흔한 쌍 100개에는 accept–reject, add–subtract, alive–dead, always–never, begin–end, big–small, buy–sell, clean–dirty, cold–hot, create–destroy, dark–light, early–late, easy–hard, empty–full, fail–succeed, fast–slow, find–lose, first–last, give–take, good–bad, happy–sad, high–low, love–hate, new–old, open–closed, rich–poor, right–wrong, start–finish, strong–weak, win–lose 등이 포함됩니다.

접두사로 반의어를 어떻게 만드나요?

가장 흔한 반의어 접두사는 네 가지입니다. un-(happy → unhappy), in-/im-/il-/ir-(possible → impossible, legal → illegal, responsible → irresponsible), dis-(agree → disagree), mis-(understand → misunderstand)입니다. 어떤 접두사를 붙일지는 단어의 어원과 음운에 따라 달라지므로 보편적인 규칙은 없고 각각 익혀야 합니다. 다만 un-은 대부분의 형용사에 무난하게 사용할 수 있습니다.

반의어는 항상 정확한 반대말인가요?

항상 그렇지는 않습니다. 많은 반의어는 ‘정도’가 있어 중간 단계가 있는 스펙트럼의 양 끝을 나타냅니다. hot과 cold는 반의어지만, 그 사이에는 warm, cool, lukewarm, tepid이 있습니다. 진정한 양자택일 관계인 반의어는 alive–dead, true–false, on–off와 같은 ‘상보적’ 반의어뿐입니다. 이 차이를 이해하면 원하는 의미의 미묘한 차이에 맞는 단어를 선택할 수 있습니다.

IELTS와 TOEFL을 위해 반의어를 배워야 하는 이유는 무엇인가요?

IELTS와 TOEFL은 모두 폭넓은 어휘력을 평가합니다. 반의어를 알면 세 가지 면에서 도움이 됩니다. (1) 같은 단어를 반복하지 않고 질문을 바꿔 표현할 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 “advantages and disadvantages”를 “benefits and drawbacks”로 바꿀 수 있습니다. (2) 비교 에세이에 꼭 필요한 대조를 표현할 수 있습니다. (3) 독해 지문에서는 문맥 속 반대 의미를 알아보는 능력을 자주 평가합니다. 반의어 쌍 200~300개를 익히면 대부분의 시험 상황에 대비할 수 있습니다.