DO片語動詞:含義、例子和練習
Do 是你最早學習的英語動詞之一,但它的片語動詞遠不那麼可預測。Do without 意味著在沒有某東西的情況下管理,do away with 意味著移除或廢除它,而 do up 可以意味著緊固、裝飾或包裝某東西。這個家族比龐大的 get 或 take 家族小,但含義是有用的,而且通常是習語性的。
本指南解釋了 do 的主要片語動詞、它們的語法,以及它們聽起來自然的語境。學習完整的短語和其通常的賓語,而不僅僅是單詞翻譯。
- 水平: B1–C1
- 涵蓋短語: 核心日常、英式和美式用法
- 重點: 含義、模式、語域和例子
DO AWAY WITH — 移除、廢除或停止使用
Do away with 意味著擺脫某事,尤其是規則、制度或不必要的物品。它是不可分離的:賓語放在整個短語之後。
學校決定取消紙質表格。
很多人希望取消不必要的會議。
它也可以在較舊的犯罪小說中意味著「殺死」,但這種用法戲劇性,不適合正常對話。在日常英語中,用它來移除政策、習慣或物品。
DO WITHOUT — 在沒有某物的情況下管理
Do without 意味著在沒有通常使用或想要的某物的情況下生活或管理。
我可以一天不喝咖啡,但不能整整一週。
暴風雨期間我們不得不沒有網絡。
這個短語通常與 can、could、have to 或 will have to 一起出現。
DO UP — 緊固、翻新或包裝
Do up 有幾個常見含義。語境告訴你哪個是預期的。
| 含義 | 結構 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 緊固衣服 | do up + 外套/扣子/鞋子 | 出門前把外套扣好。 |
| 翻新或裝飾 | do up + 房子/房間 | 他們買了一套舊公寓來翻新。 |
| 包裝或綑綁 | do up + 包裹/袋子 | 你能幫我把這個包裹打包嗎? |
| 把自己打扮整齊 | be done up | 他穿著深色西裝。 |
帶有賓語時,do up 通常是可分離的:do up the coat 或 do the coat up。帶有代詞時,把它放在中間:do it up。
DO OVER — 重做或翻新
在美式英語中,do over 通常意味著重新做某事,因為第一次嘗試不夠好。
文件損壞了,所以我不得不重做報告。
在非正式的美式英語中,它也可以意味著翻新或改進一個房間:They did over the kitchen last summer. 在英式英語中,do up 更常用於翻新。
DO IN — 使筋疲力盡、擊敗或殺死
Do in 是非正式的。它可以意味著使某人極度疲憊、擊敗某人,或在犯罪故事中殺死某人。
那次長途步行真的讓我筋疲力盡了。
最後一個問題擊倒了幾位強勁的候選人。
在正式寫作中使用 exhaust 可能更好。
DO OUT OF — 不公平地阻止某人擁有某物
Do somebody out of something 意味著不公平地阻止某人獲得金錢、機會或其他利益。
那個錯誤讓她失去了進入決賽的機會。
他們覺得他們被騙走了應得的報酬。
這通常是被動語態,或在情況看起來不公平時使用。
其他有用的DO短語
| 片語動詞 | 含義 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| do with | 需要或想要 | 我可以休息一下。 |
| do by | 以特定方式對待某人 | 她總是誠實地對待客戶。 |
| do for | 足夠;毀掉或使精疲力竭 | 一個三明治就夠午飯了。 |
| do down | 批評或不公平對待 | 面試時不要貶低自己。 |
| do out | 裝飾;清潔和整理 | 他們為節日裝飾了大廳。 |
其中一些在英式英語中更常見,尤其是 do someone down 和 do out。
![帶有DO卡、語境圖片、句子構建和間隔複習標記的實用學習例行](/images/blog/phrasal-verbs-with-do/inline-do-practice-1200x630.webp “每個含義使用一個語境”]
DO片語動詞:語法和記憶技巧
記住短語的常用模式。
| 短語 | 要記住的模式 |
|---|---|
| do away with | do away with + 名詞 |
| do without | do without + 名詞 / -ing |
| do up | do up + 名詞 / do + 代詞 + up |
| do over | do over + 名詞 / do + 代詞 + over |
| do someone out of something | 人 + out of + 物 |
| could do with | could do with + 名詞 |
為每個短語製作一張圖片或情境。對於 do without,想象一次沒有充電器的火車旅程。對於 do up,想象扣上外套。一個具體的場景比一個長翻譯清單更能分開含義。
詞彙片段:練習模式
worthless
形容詞
一文不值
範例
- Don't let anyone make you feel worthless or unimportant.
- The broken watch became completely worthless and couldn't be repaired.
formally
副詞
正式地
範例
- Students must formally register for classes before the semester begins.
- The new president will be formally inaugurated next month in the capital.
border
名詞
邊界
範例
- The garden had a beautiful flower border along the path.
- They crossed the border between France and Germany.
unload
動詞
卸載
範例
- Ship crew must unload containers at port.
- Workers unload cargo from delivery truck efficiently.
stress
動詞
使緊張
範例
- Heavy workload may stress employees beyond limits.
- Teacher will stress importance of homework completion.
willingly
副詞
心甘情願
範例
- He willingly shared his knowledge with younger students.
- The volunteers worked willingly without expecting any payment.
prospect
名詞
前景
範例
- Economic prospect looks optimistic for next year.
- Job prospect improves with additional education training.
willingness
名詞
意願
範例
- Her willingness to learn impressed all the teachers.
- The company values employees' willingness to work as a team.
timeliness
名詞
時效性
範例
- Project timeliness determines success in competitive business environment.
- Report timeliness affects decision making processes significantly.
calm
形容詞
平靜的
範例
- She remained calm despite the stressful situation at work.
- The calm ocean reflected the beautiful colors of the sunset.
bewilderment
名詞
迷惑感, 困惑
範例
- She stared in bewilderment at the unexpected test results.
- The tourist's bewilderment was obvious when he got lost downtown.
brick
名詞
磚
範例
- He's been a real brick during this crisis.
- The house was built with traditional red brick.
revise
動詞
修訂
範例
- Author must revise manuscript before publication deadline.
- Student will revise lessons before final examination.
lap
名詞
膝蓋
範例
- The cat curled up comfortably on her lap while reading.
- The runner completed another lap around the track successfully.
transfer
動詞
轉移, 調動
範例
- Bank will transfer money between accounts quickly.
- Student may transfer to different university program.
max
名詞
馬斯
範例
- Students can borrow max of five books from library.
- The speed limit max on highway is seventy miles per hour.
exhausted
形容詞
疲憊的
範例
- After running the marathon, she felt completely exhausted and needed to rest.
- The exhausted workers finally finished their twelve-hour shift at the factory.
diligent
形容詞
勤奮的, 認真
範例
- Diligent students typically achieve better grades through consistent hard work.
- The diligent researcher spent years collecting data for the scientific study.
independent
形容詞
獨立的
範例
- She's very independent and prefers to solve problems on her own.
- The independent research confirmed the results of the original study.
impolitely
副詞
不禮貌地
範例
- He spoke impolitely to the waiter and made everyone uncomfortable.
- She impolitely refused to answer the reporter's questions.
characterize
動詞
描述
範例
- Honesty and integrity characterize his approach to business dealings.
- The report characterizes the current economic situation as generally stable.
yell
動詞
叫
範例
- Don't yell at the children when they make innocent mistakes.
- The coach had to yell instructions over the crowd noise.
aggressive
形容詞
具有攻擊性的, 激進的
範例
- Some drivers become aggressive when stuck in heavy traffic for hours.
- The aggressive marketing campaign helped increase sales by thirty percent last quarter.
alphabet
名詞
字母表
範例
- Children learn the alphabet before they can read complete sentences.
- The English alphabet has twenty-six letters from A to Z.
接下來做什麼
- 在中級片語動詞庫中練習相關短語。
- 閱讀完整片語動詞指南以複習可分離和不可分離模式。
- 將 do 與現有的MAKE片語動詞指南進行比較。
- 將三個 do 短語添加到你的Linglify詞典,明天在語境中複習它們。
常見問題
DO最常見的片語動詞是什麼?
Do without 和 do away with 是最有用的。Do up 也很常見,尤其是對衣服、包裹和家居翻新。
Do up是可分離的嗎?
是的,當它有賓語時。你可以說 do up the jacket 或 do the jacket up,但帶代詞時說 do it up。
I could do with是什麼意思?
它意味著「我想要」或「我需要」,通常是現在有幫助的東西:I could do with a glass of water. 在英式英語中很常見。
所有do片語動詞在美式英語中都常見嗎?
不是。Do over 在美式英語中特別常見,而 do up 用於翻新和 do someone down 更多是英式英語。語境和地區影響哪個短語聽起來最自然。