基礎英語口語:必學單字與片語
基礎英語口語不是關於記憶長篇對話。而是擁有一組小而可靠的單字和片語框架,可以根據你自己的生活進行替換。有了幾個可靠的模式,你可以打招呼、請求幫助、發表意見,並做出簡單的計劃。
本指南重點介紹你在第一次對話中就可以使用的語言。
- 程度: A1–A2邁向B1
- 重點: 日常口語,而非語法術語
- 最適合: 理解單字但猶豫說話的學習者
- 學習目標: 學習一個片語框架並讓它個人化
如果你是從零開始,先用初學者英語建立基礎。然後使用A2詞彙庫在小分組中練習單字。
從有用的口語框架開始
口語框架是帶有一個可改變部分的短模式。你不需要從頭發明每個句子。
| 框架 | 用途 | 個人例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I’m from … | 說你來自哪裡 | I’m from Brazil. |
| I work as a … | 談論工作 | I work as a designer. |
| I’m interested in … | 分享興趣 | I’m interested in photography. |
| Could you …? | 提出禮貌的請求 | Could you repeat that? |
| I’d like to … | 說你想要什麼 | I’d like to practise more. |
慢慢說框架,然後只替換一個單字。這通過重複給你流利度,而不使你的話聽起來像在背書。
自我介紹和日常問題
這些片語幫助你開始、繼續和結束簡單的對話。
| 片語 | 含義或用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Nice to meet you. | 初次見面 | Nice to meet you. I’m Mina. |
| How’s it going? | 友好的問候 | How’s it going today? |
| What do you do? | 詢問工作或學習 | What do you do for work? |
| Where are you from? | 詢問來自哪裡 | Where are you from originally? |
| What do you mean? | 要求澄清 | Sorry, what do you mean? |
目標不是說話快。暫停、聆聽答覆,然後提一個跟進問題。平靜的兩分鐘對話比匆忙的完美句子更有用。
請求幫助和澄清
好的說話者不會立即理解所有內容。他們使用清晰的片語讓對話繼續進行。
| 片語 | 用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Could you say that again? | 要求某人重複 | Could you say that again, please? |
| Could you speak more slowly? | 要求較慢的速度 | Could you speak more slowly? |
| How do you spell that? | 確認一個單字或名字 | How do you spell your surname? |
| I don’t understand yet. | 禮貌地誠實 | I don’t understand yet. Could you show me? |
| Do you mean …? | 確認你的理解 | Do you mean the meeting is tomorrow? |
這些片語給你思考的時間。它們不是失敗的跡象;它們是真實對話的工具。
分享意見和感受
簡單的意見語言讓你即使詞彙還很小也能參與對話。
| 片語 | 含義或用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I think … | 給出意見 | I think this film is funny. |
| In my opinion, … | 給出稍微正式的意見 | In my opinion, online classes are useful. |
| I agree. | 表示同意 | I agree. That sounds fair. |
| I’m not sure. | 溫和的不同意見或不確定 | I’m not sure. Maybe we should check. |
| That sounds great. | 正面的回應 | A walk after work? That sounds great. |
在可以的時候加一個短理由:「I think it is useful because it saves time.」這個小的額外步驟使你的答覆更清晰,並給你的對話夥伴一些可以回應的東西。
讓對話繼續進行
你不需要長篇答覆來聽起來感興趣。一個短回應加上一個小跟進問題讓對方繼續說話,並給你更多時間思考。
| 短回應 | 跟進問題 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Really? | How was it? | “I went to a concert.” “Really? How was it?“ |
| That sounds nice. | Who did you go with? | “I visited my cousin.” “That sounds nice. Who did you go with?“ |
| I see. | What happened next? | “My train was late.” “I see. What happened next?“ |
| Me too. | How often do you do that? | “I like cooking.” “Me too. How often do you do that?“ |
| I’m not sure. | What do you think? | “Is this the best option?” “I’m not sure. What do you think?“ |
這些短配對比嘗試產出完美的長句子更容易。把它們作為完整的片段來學習,然後使用符合真實人物和話題的那個。
兩個可重複使用的小型對話
短模型展示熟悉的框架如何在真實的交流中連接。用你自己的城市、工作、計劃或興趣替換細節。
認識某人
- A: Hi, I’m Leo. Nice to meet you.
- B: Nice to meet you too. Where are you from?
- A: I’m from Madrid. What about you?
- B: I’m from Seoul. I’m interested in photography.
制定計劃
- A: Are you free on Saturday?
- B: I think so. What time works for you?
- A: Let’s meet at three near the station.
- B: Great. That sounds good.
兩個角色都大聲閱讀。然後只改變一個細節:日期、地點、活動或問題。這從非常少量的語言創造出許多有用的對話。
用簡單的填充詞給自己時間
母語者在思考時也會暫停。幾個禮貌的填充詞幫助你保持對話而不顯得沉默。
| 填充詞 | 何時使用 |
|---|---|
| Well, … | 在短意見或答覆前 |
| Let me think. | 當你需要一點時間時 |
| I mean, … | 當你想更清楚地解釋一個想法時 |
| How can I say this? | 當你知道想法但需要一個單字時 |
使用一個填充詞,然後繼續說一個簡單的句子。不要等到你知道每個單字;當你保持交流進行時,溝通通常會改善。
計劃和談論時間
對話經常轉向簡單的計劃:時間、地點和可用性。
| 片語 | 用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Are you free on …? | 確認可用性 | Are you free on Saturday? |
| What time works for you? | 安排時間 | What time works for you? |
| Let’s meet at … | 建議見面 | Let’s meet at six. |
| I’ll be there in … | 說你什麼時候到 | I’ll be there in ten minutes. |
| Can we change the plan? | 更改安排 | Can we change the plan to Sunday? |
即使在單獨學習時也要大聲制定計劃。用一個時間、一個地點和一個動作描述一個明天真實的小計劃。
簡單的口語練習循環
每週四次嘗試這個十分鐘的例行活動。
- 選擇三個片語。 大聲閱讀兩次。
- 讓它們成真。 用你的名字、城市、工作或計劃替換細節。
- 錄製一個短答覆。 說30秒而不停下來糾正每個單字。
- 複習並重複。 聽一次,改進一個句子,並在 Linglify 中儲存關鍵單字。
如需按情境分類的更多日常詞彙,使用英語日常用詞。當你的短答覆感覺輕鬆時,進入B1詞彙庫。
練習詞彙
將這些有用的單字儲存到 Linglify,然後圍繞它們建立短對話。目標是在學習另一個分組之前,在一個真實的句子中使用每個單字。
abuse
名詞
濫用
範例
- It's important to report any signs of child abuse to the authorities.
- The investigation revealed serious abuse of power by government officials.
actually
副詞
其實
範例
- I thought the meeting was today, but it's actually scheduled for tomorrow.
- The book looks boring, but it's actually quite interesting and engaging.
affection
名詞
親情
範例
- The child showed deep affection for his grandmother who raised him.
- Their mutual affection was evident to everyone who saw them together.
agreement
名詞
協議
範例
- The trade agreement will benefit both countries' economic development significantly.
- There was general agreement among the committee members about the proposed changes.
airport
名詞
機場
範例
- International airports handle millions of travelers and tons of cargo annually.
- We need to arrive at the airport two hours before our departure time.
alternate
形容詞
交替的
範例
- The parking lot uses alternate spaces for cars and motorcycles.
- We need an alternate plan in case the weather doesn't cooperate.
announce
動詞
宣布, 公告
範例
- Airlines announce flight delays through the terminal's public address system.
- The principal will announce the scholarship winners during tomorrow's assembly.
apart
副詞
分開
範例
- Please keep these chemicals apart to prevent dangerous reactions.
- The two friends lived far apart but stayed in regular contact.
apply
動詞
申請
範例
- Apply pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding immediately.
- Students can apply for financial aid to help pay tuition costs.
arrest
名詞
逮捕, 拘留, 拘捕令
範例
- He was under arrest for suspected involvement in the robbery.
- The arrest of the criminal was reported on the evening news.
attend
動詞
參加
範例
- All students must attend classes regularly to pass their courses.
- The nurse will attend to the patient's needs throughout the night.
ballet
名詞
芭蕾舞
範例
- She studied ballet for many years before becoming a professional dancer.
- The ballet performance featured graceful movements and beautiful costumes.
basis
名詞
基礎, 根據
範例
- The selection process is conducted on the basis of merit alone.
- Trust forms the basis of any successful relationship or partnership.
bedroom
名詞
臥室
範例
- She decorated her bedroom with posters and colorful curtains.
- The master bedroom has a beautiful view of the garden.
biotechnology
名詞
生物技術, 生技, 生物工程
範例
- Agricultural biotechnology helps create disease-resistant crop varieties.
- Biotechnology companies develop new medical treatments and therapies.
borrow
動詞
借用
範例
- Can I borrow your pen for a few minutes?
- He had to borrow money from the bank for repairs.
browser
名詞
瀏覽器
範例
- Chrome is the most popular web browser worldwide.
- The store welcomes browsers as well as buyers.
candidate
名詞
候選人
範例
- Each presidential candidate presented their policy plans to voters.
- The job candidate impressed the interview panel with her experience.
cat
名詞
貓
範例
- The fluffy cat sat peacefully by the warm fireplace in the evening.
- Their pet cat loves to play with colorful balls of yarn.
cherished
形容詞
珍愛的
範例
- His cherished dream of becoming a pilot finally came true.
- The old photograph was her most cherished possession from childhood.
cloudy
形容詞
多雲
範例
- The water became cloudy after stirring up sediment from the bottom.
- The weather forecast predicts cloudy skies with possible rain this evening.
commute
動詞
通勤
範例
- Public transportation helps people commute efficiently reducing traffic congestion.
- Workers commute daily between suburban homes and downtown offices.
confirmation
名詞
確認
範例
- She received confirmation of her job application via email yesterday.
- The confirmation ceremony was held at the local church on Sunday.
correspond
動詞
符合
範例
- She corresponds regularly with her friends who live in different countries.
- The witness testimony should correspond with the physical evidence found at the scene.
custom
名詞
習俗
範例
- It is a local custom to remove shoes before entering homes.
- The wedding ceremony followed traditional customs from their culture.
接下來做什麼
常見問題
當我只知道很少單字時,如何開始說英語?
使用像「I’m from …」、「I think …」和「Could you …?」這樣的短框架。添加個人細節,而不是嘗試造長的原創句子。重複使這些模式自動化。
我應該學單字還是完整的片語來說話?
兩者一起學習。一個單字給你選擇,而一個片語顯示單字在真實句子中如何工作。儲存像 make a plan 或 ask a question 這樣有用的片段。
讓某人重複一個句子是否可以?
是的。像「Could you say that again?」和「Could you speak more slowly?」這樣的片語是真實對話的正常部分。它們幫助你在學習的同時繼續溝通。
我應該多久練習說話?
短而規律的時段效果很好。如果你大聲說話、造個人例句,並在之後複習相同的片語,每週四次十分鐘就足以建立習慣。