Kolokasi Bahasa Inggris: Kuasai Kombinasi Kata Alami dengan 300+ Contoh
Pembelajaran Kosakata

Kolokasi Bahasa Inggris: Kuasai Kombinasi Kata Alami dengan 300+ Contoh

#kolokasi #kolokasi bahasa inggris #kombinasi kata #bahasa inggris alami #kosakata
Bagikan

Anda dapat mengetahui 10.000 kata bahasa Inggris dan tetap terdengar keliru. Bukan tidak tata bahasa—melainkan keliru dengan cara yang membuat penutur asli berhenti sejenak, memiringkan kepala, lalu berkata, “Saya mengerti, tetapi kami tidak mengatakannya seperti itu.” Alasannya hampir selalu kolokasi.

Kolokasi adalah pasangan atau kelompok kata yang secara alami dipakai bersama dalam bahasa Inggris. Penutur asli mengatakan “make a decision,” bukan “do a decision.” Mereka mengatakan “heavy rain,” bukan “strong rain,” dan “take a photo,” bukan “catch a photo.” Setiap katanya benar, tata bahasanya baik, tetapi kombinasinya salah dan segera menandai Anda bukan penutur asli.

Perbedaan antara pelajar B2 dan penutur C1 jarang terletak pada tata bahasa. Perbedaannya adalah kolokasi. Inilah keterampilan kosakata yang sering dilewatkan buku pelajaran dan aplikasi, padahal paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap seberapa alami bahasa Inggris Anda terdengar.

Panduan ini mencakup:

  • apa itu kolokasi dan mengapa penting;
  • enam jenis kolokasi dengan contoh jelas;
  • 300+ kolokasi penting yang disusun menurut jenis;
  • kesalahan kolokasi paling umum yang dibuat pelajar;
  • cara belajar kolokasi dengan efektif.

Apa Itu Kolokasi?

Kolokasi adalah kombinasi kata yang sering muncul bersama dan terdengar alami bagi penutur asli. Kata ini berasal dari Latin: co- (bersama) + locare (menempatkan)—secara harfiah, “ditempatkan bersama.”

Ciri utamanya: kolokasi bukan aturan, melainkan kebiasaan. Tidak ada aturan tata bahasa yang menyatakan “heavy rain” benar dan “strong rain” salah. Kedua kata tersebut dapat berarti “banyak/kuat,” tetapi penutur Inggris memilih heavy untuk hujan dan selama berabad-abad kombinasi itu menjadi tetap. Anda harus mempelajarinya sebagai pasangan, bukan menebaknya dari logika.

Alami (benar) Tidak alami (salah) Mengapa?
make a decision do a decision Bahasa Inggris memakai MAKE dengan “decision”
heavy rain strong rain “Heavy” berkolokasi dengan rain
take a photo make a photo Bahasa Inggris memakai TAKE dengan “photo”
fast food quick food “Fast” adalah pewatas tetap untuk jenis makanan ini
pay attention give attention Bahasa Inggris memakai PAY dengan “attention”
do homework make homework Bahasa Inggris memakai DO dengan “homework”

Mengapa Kolokasi Penting

1. Kolokasi membedakan penutur lancar dan penutur yang hanya akurat. Anda dapat 100% benar secara tata bahasa tetapi tetap terdengar tidak alami. Kolokasilah yang membuat perbedaan itu.

2. Kolokasi memengaruhi nilai ujian. Dalam IELTS, kriteria “Lexical Resource” secara khusus menilai akurasi kolokasi. Band 7 mensyaratkan “kesadaran akan gaya dan kolokasi.” Band 8 mensyaratkan “penggunaan terampil item leksikal yang tidak umum” dengan “hanya ketidakakuratan sesekali dalam pilihan kata dan kolokasi.”

3. Kolokasi mempercepat komunikasi. Saat memakai kolokasi benar, pendengar memproses ujaran Anda lebih cepat karena kombinasi katanya sesuai harapan. Kolokasi yang salah menimbulkan jeda kecil dalam pemahaman.

4. Kolokasi adalah dasar tulisan alami. Esai akademis, email bisnis, dan tulisan kreatif semuanya mengandalkan kolokasi baku. “Conduct research” terdengar profesional. “Do research” memadai. “Make research” terdengar salah.

Kolokasi vs. Idiom vs. Phrasal Verb

Ciri Kolokasi Idiom Phrasal verb
Makna Dapat diprediksi dari bagiannya Tidak harfiah Tidak harfiah
Contoh make a mistake kick the bucket (= meninggal) give up (= berhenti)
Tetap? Semi-tetap (ada sedikit keluwesan) Sepenuhnya tetap Tetap
Dapat diterjemahkan? Sering kali ya Biasanya tidak Biasanya tidak
Keterampilan utama Mengetahui kata mana yang cocok Mengetahui makna tersembunyi Mengetahui makna baru

Ada tumpang tindih: beberapa phrasal verb juga merupakan kolokasi (“take off” dalam “the plane took off”), dan beberapa idiom memuat kolokasi (“break the ice” memakai “break” + “ice”). Namun pembeda utamanya tetap: kolokasi membahas kata mana yang cocok bersama, idiom membahas makna tersembunyi.

Untuk rujukan idiom lengkap, baca Idiom Bahasa Inggris: 500+ Ungkapan Umum. Untuk phrasal verb, baca Phrasal Verb Bahasa Inggris: Panduan Lengkap.

Enam jenis kolokasi bahasa Inggris—kata kerja+kata benda, kata sifat+kata benda, kata benda+kata benda, kata keterangan+kata sifat, kata kerja+preposisi, kata keterangan+kata kerja—beserta contoh

Jenis Kolokasi

Kolokasi bahasa Inggris terbagi dalam enam jenis utama. Memahami jenisnya membantu Anda melihat pola dan belajar lebih cepat.

Jenis 1: Kata Kerja + Kata Benda

Jenis terpenting bagi pelajar. MAKE, DO, TAKE, GET, HAVE, PAY, GIVE, KEEP, BREAK, dan CATCH masing-masing memiliki puluhan pasangan kata benda tetap.

MAKE

Kolokasi Contoh
make a decision We need to make a decision by Friday.
make a mistake Everyone makes mistakes — the key is learning from them.
make progress The students are making good progress this term.
make an effort He didn’t even make an effort to arrive on time.
make money She makes good money as a software engineer.
make a difference Small changes can make a big difference over time.
make a plan Let’s make a plan before we start the project.
make an appointment I need to make an appointment with the dentist.
make a complaint She made a formal complaint about the noise.
make a promise He made a promise to his daughter and kept it.
make an impression First impressions matter — make a good one.
make a choice You have to make a choice between the two options.
make sense That explanation doesn’t make sense to me.
make room Can you make room for one more person?
make a living It’s hard to make a living as a freelance writer.
make a suggestion Can I make a suggestion?
make an exception I’ll make an exception this time, but don’t be late again.
make arrangements We need to make arrangements for the conference.

DO

Kolokasi Contoh
do homework Have you done your homework yet?
do the dishes I’ll do the dishes after dinner.
do business (with) We’ve been doing business with them for 10 years.
do research She’s doing research on climate change.
do damage The storm did significant damage to the coast.
do your best Just do your best — that’s all anyone can ask.
do a favor Could you do me a favor and check my email?
do the laundry I need to do the laundry this weekend.
do a good job She did a great job on the presentation.
do harm The new policy may do more harm than good.
do exercise I try to do some exercise every morning.
do an experiment The students did an experiment to test the hypothesis.

TAKE

Kolokasi Contoh
take a photo / picture Can you take a photo of us?
take a break Let’s take a 10-minute break.
take action The government must take action to reduce pollution.
take a risk Starting a business means taking risks.
take a look Take a look at this report.
take a seat Please take a seat — the doctor will see you shortly.
take notes She always takes detailed notes in class.
take responsibility He took responsibility for the error.
take advice I should have taken your advice.
take a chance I took a chance and applied for the job.
take care (of) Take care of yourself while I’m away.
take turns The children took turns playing with the toy.
take part (in) Over 200 people took part in the marathon.
take place The meeting will take place on Monday at 3 PM.
take time Learning a language takes time.

GET, HAVE, PAY, GIVE

Kolokasi Contoh
get permission You need to get permission from the manager.
get a job She got a job at a tech company after graduation.
get an idea I’ve just got an idea for the project.
get the impression I got the impression that he wasn’t happy.
have a meeting We’re having a meeting at 2 PM.
have a conversation Let’s have a conversation about your performance.
have an argument They had an argument about money.
have a look Have a look at this and tell me what you think.
have an effect (on) Sleep has a huge effect on your concentration.
have access (to) Students have access to the library 24/7.
pay attention Pay attention — this will be on the exam.
pay a compliment He paid her a compliment on her presentation.
pay a visit I’ll pay you a visit when I’m in London.
give advice She gave me some excellent advice.
give permission The teacher gave them permission to leave early.
give a speech The CEO gave a speech at the conference.
give priority (to) We should give priority to urgent cases.

KEEP, BREAK, CATCH, COME

Kolokasi Contoh
keep a secret Can you keep a secret?
keep a promise Always keep your promises.
keep in touch Let’s keep in touch after you move.
keep a record Keep a record of all your expenses.
keep calm Keep calm — panicking won’t help.
break the law If you break the law, you face consequences.
break a record She broke the world record in the 100m sprint.
break the rules He’s always breaking the rules at school.
break the news I had to break the news to her about the layoffs.
break a habit Breaking a bad habit takes about 66 days on average.
catch a cold I caught a cold from someone at the office.
catch fire The building caught fire due to faulty wiring.
catch someone’s attention The headline caught my attention immediately.
come to a conclusion After reviewing the data, we came to a conclusion.
come to an agreement Both parties came to an agreement after long negotiations.

Jenis 2: Kata Sifat + Kata Benda

Kolokasi ini menentukan kata sifat mana yang “cocok” dengan kata benda tertentu. Menguasainya adalah salah satu cara tercepat agar terdengar lebih alami.

Kolokasi BUKAN Contoh
heavy rain strong rain There was heavy rain all weekend.
strong wind heavy wind A strong wind blew the tent away.
heavy traffic big traffic We were stuck in heavy traffic for two hours.
fast food quick food I try to avoid fast food as much as possible.
deep sleep heavy sleep She was in such a deep sleep that the alarm didn’t wake her.
high temperature tall temperature The patient has a high temperature.
strong coffee powerful coffee I need a strong coffee this morning.
broad daylight wide daylight The robbery happened in broad daylight.
close friend near friend She’s one of my closest friends.
bitter cold harsh cold We endured the bitter cold for three hours.
narrow escape thin escape We had a narrow escape — the car missed us by inches.
bright idea clever idea Whose bright idea was it to start at 5 AM?
keen interest sharp interest She took a keen interest in the project.
blissful ignorance happy ignorance He lived in blissful ignorance of the company’s problems.
sharp increase steep increase There was a sharp increase in online sales.
slight problem small problem There’s a slight problem with the schedule.
steady progress stable progress The team is making steady progress toward the deadline.
bitter disappointment strong disappointment The result was a bitter disappointment for the team.
golden opportunity gold opportunity This is a golden opportunity to expand the business.
overwhelming majority big majority The overwhelming majority voted in favor.

Jenis 3: Kata Benda + Kata Benda

Beberapa kata benda secara konvensional dipasangkan bersama.

Kolokasi Contoh
traffic jam We were stuck in a traffic jam for an hour.
road rage Road rage incidents have increased this year.
blood pressure The doctor checked my blood pressure.
cell phone I left my cell phone at home.
greenhouse effect The greenhouse effect is causing global warming.
heart attack He suffered a heart attack at the age of 52.
job satisfaction Job satisfaction is more important than a high salary to many people.
budget cuts The university announced major budget cuts.
career change She made a career change at 40 and became a teacher.
human rights The organization campaigns for human rights worldwide.
climate change Climate change is the defining issue of our time.
time management Good time management is essential for university success.
brain drain Brain drain is a serious problem for developing countries.
birth rate The birth rate has been declining in many European countries.
action plan We need a clear action plan for the next quarter.

Jenis 4: Kata Keterangan + Kata Sifat

Kolokasi ini mengintensifkan atau memodifikasi kata sifat dengan cara tertentu yang sudah tetap.

Kolokasi BUKAN Contoh
highly unlikely very unlikely (kurang alami) It’s highly unlikely that the project will finish on time.
deeply concerned very concerned (lebih lemah) I am deeply concerned about the recent test results.
bitterly disappointed very disappointed She was bitterly disappointed with the outcome.
perfectly natural completely natural (kurang umum) It’s perfectly natural to feel nervous before an interview.
fully aware totally aware I’m fully aware of the risks involved.
utterly ridiculous very ridiculous The suggestion was utterly ridiculous.
wildly popular very popular (lebih lemah) The show became wildly popular overnight.
painfully obvious clearly obvious (berlebihan) It was painfully obvious that he hadn’t prepared.
blissfully unaware happily unaware She was blissfully unaware of the chaos behind her.
seriously injured badly injured (keduanya bisa, tetapi seriously lebih formal) Three people were seriously injured in the accident.
heavily influenced strongly influenced Her work was heavily influenced by Japanese art.
vitally important very importantly (kesalahan tata bahasa) It is vitally important to follow the safety procedures.
strictly forbidden completely forbidden Smoking is strictly forbidden inside the building.
widely recognized broadly recognized She is widely recognized as a leading expert in the field.

Jenis 5: Kata Kerja + Preposisi

Ini bukan phrasal verb—kata kerjanya mempertahankan makna inti, tetapi harus memakai preposisi tertentu.

Kolokasi BUKAN Contoh
depend on depend from The outcome depends on several factors.
believe in believe on Do you believe in life after death?
succeed in succeed on She succeeded in passing the bar exam on her first try.
apologize for apologize about He apologized for being late.
insist on insist for She insisted on paying for dinner.
complain about complain on He always complains about the weather.
concentrate on concentrate in I need to concentrate on my work.
consist of consist from The team consists of five members.
refer to refer about Are you referring to the report I sent yesterday?
belong to belong for This book belongs to the library.
respond to respond on She hasn’t responded to my email yet.
participate in participate at Over 500 students participated in the competition.
result in result to The accident resulted in two injuries.
suffer from suffer of He suffers from chronic back pain.
invest in invest on The company invested heavily in new technology.

Jenis 6: Kata Keterangan + Kata Kerja

Kolokasi ini menjelaskan cara suatu tindakan biasanya dilakukan.

Kolokasi Contoh
firmly believe I firmly believe that education changes lives.
strongly recommend I strongly recommend this book to all language learners.
deeply regret We deeply regret the inconvenience caused.
fully understand I fully understand your concerns.
flatly refuse He flatly refused to answer the question.
greatly appreciate I would greatly appreciate your help.
seriously consider You should seriously consider the offer before declining.
wholeheartedly agree I wholeheartedly agree with your proposal.
categorically deny The company categorically denied the allegations.
vaguely remember I vaguely remember meeting her at a party years ago.
thoroughly enjoy We thoroughly enjoyed the concert last night.
totally disagree I totally disagree with that assessment.
readily available The information is readily available online.
carefully consider The committee carefully considered all options.

Kesalahan Kolokasi yang Umum

Kesalahan ini terus dibuat bahkan oleh pelajar tingkat menengah. Mempelajari versi yang benar akan segera memperbaiki bahasa Inggris Anda.

MAKE vs. DO

Ini adalah kesalahan kolokasi tunggal yang paling umum bagi penutur non-asli.

Benar Salah
make a decision do a decision
make a mistake do a mistake
make money do money
make progress do progress
make a suggestion do a suggestion
do homework make homework
do research make research
do business make business
do a favor make a favor
do exercise make exercise

Polanya: MAKE dipakai untuk menciptakan, menghasilkan, atau membangun sesuatu (make a plan, make a cake, make an effort). DO dipakai untuk melakukan aktivitas atau tugas (do the laundry, do work, do an experiment).

Kesalahan Kata Sifat + Kata Benda yang Umum

Benar Salah Mengapa
heavy rain strong rain Dalam bahasa Inggris hujan itu “heavy”
strong wind heavy wind Angin adalah “strong,” bukan “heavy”
fast food quick food Gabungan tetap: “fast food”
high price expensive price Harga disebut “high” atau “low,” bukan expensive
big mistake large mistake Kesalahan adalah “big” (atau “huge”), bukan “large”
do/cause damage make damage Damage itu “done” atau “caused”

Kesalahan Kata Kerja + Kata Benda yang Umum

Benar Salah Mengapa
take a photo make a photo Bahasa Inggris memakai TAKE, bukan MAKE
pay attention give attention Kolokasi tetap dengan PAY
catch a cold get a cold (kurang alami) “Catch” adalah kolokasi standar
break the law violate the law (terlalu formal untuk percakapan) “Break” adalah kolokasi sehari-hari
tell a lie say a lie Kebohongan “told,” bukan “said”
tell the truth say the truth Pola sama: TELL, bukan SAY

Kolokasi berdasarkan Tingkat

A2–B1 (Dasar hingga Menengah)

Ini kolokasi pertama yang perlu dipelajari karena terus muncul dalam percakapan sehari-hari:

make a mistake, do homework, take a photo, have a meeting, pay attention, give advice, keep a secret, break the rules, catch a cold, fast food, heavy rain, strong wind, make a decision, do your best, take a break, have fun, get a job, close friend, big deal, traffic jam

B2 (Menengah Atas)

Kolokasi ini muncul dalam konteks akademis, berita, dan komunikasi profesional:

make progress, do research, take action, have an effect, pay a compliment, give priority, keep in touch, break a record, come to a conclusion, sharp increase, steady progress, golden opportunity, bitter disappointment, highly unlikely, deeply concerned, firmly believe, strongly recommend, career change, time management, budget cuts

C1–C2 (Lanjut)

Kolokasi ini membedakan penutur yang nyaris setara penutur asli dari yang lain:

make an allegation, do justice (to), take precedence, have ramifications, pay dividends, give rise to, keep abreast (of), break new ground, come to fruition, stark contrast, vested interest, sweeping changes, heightened awareness, categorically deny, flatly refuse, wholly inadequate, bitterly divided, disproportionately affected, inextricably linked, mutually exclusive

Untuk panduan lengkap kolokasi tingkat lanjut, baca Kolokasi Bahasa Inggris Lanjut: Kombinasi Kata C1–C2.

Kolokasi untuk IELTS dan Tulisan Akademis

Jika Anda mempersiapkan IELTS, TOEFL, atau tulisan akademis, kolokasi ini penting. Kolokasi tersebut terus muncul dalam topik ujian dan bernilai tinggi pada kriteria “Lexical Resource.”

Kolokasi untuk Pembuka Esai

Kolokasi Contoh
raise a question This trend raises the question of whether traditional education is still relevant.
a growing concern Air pollution is a growing concern in major cities.
play a significant role Technology plays a significant role in modern education.
draw attention to The report draws attention to the widening gap between rich and poor.
a matter of debate Whether zoos should exist remains a matter of debate.

Kolokasi Sebab dan Akibat

Kolokasi Contoh
have a profound impact Social media has had a profound impact on how we communicate.
lead to consequences Deforestation can lead to devastating consequences for biodiversity.
pose a threat Plastic waste poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems.
trigger a response The crisis triggered an immediate government response.
face a challenge Developing countries face unique challenges in combating climate change.

Data dan Tren (IELTS Task 1)

Kolokasi Contoh
show a steady increase The graph shows a steady increase in renewable energy adoption.
reach a peak Unemployment reached a peak of 12% in 2009.
undergo a dramatic change The industry underwent a dramatic change between 2015 and 2020.
remain relatively stable Consumer spending remained relatively stable throughout the period.
account for a significant proportion Asia accounted for a significant proportion of global exports.

Untuk strategi kosakata IELTS yang menyeluruh, baca Panduan Kosakata IELTS Lengkap. Untuk kolokasi khusus ujian, baca Kolokasi untuk PTE dan IELTS.

Kosakata untuk Dilatih

Tambahkan 25 kata yang muncul dalam kolokasi penting ini ke kamus Linglify Anda untuk pengulangan berspasi.

affordable

adjektiva

terjangkau

Contoh

- The government is working to provide affordable housing for low-income families.

- This restaurant offers delicious and affordable meals for college students.

commute

verba

berkomuter, bepergian pulang-pergi

Contoh

- Public transportation helps people commute efficiently reducing traffic congestion.

- Workers commute daily between suburban homes and downtown offices.

conservation

nomina

pelestarian, konservasi

Contoh

- Water conservation becomes increasingly important during periods of severe drought.

- Wildlife conservation is essential for protecting endangered species from extinction.

demanding

adjektiva

berat, menuntut banyak tenaga

Contoh

- Medical school is very demanding and requires years of intensive study.

- She has a demanding boss who expects perfection in all tasks.

DJ

nomina

disjoki

Contoh

- The DJ played my favorite song.

- The DJ took song requests all night.

heritage

nomina

warisan budaya

Contoh

- She inherited a rich heritage of family traditions from her grandparents.

- The ancient castle is an important part of our cultural heritage.

leisure

nomina

waktu luang

Contoh

- People enjoy various leisure activities during weekends and holidays.

- Reading books is popular leisure pursuit for many educated people.

luxurious

adjektiva

mewah

Contoh

- She dreams of owning luxurious car with leather seats and sunroof.

- The luxurious hotel suite includes marble bathroom and ocean view.

memorable

adjektiva

berkesan

Contoh

- Graduation day was memorable occasion for entire family.

- The memorable speech inspired students to pursue their dreams.

nutritious

adjektiva

bergizi

Contoh

- Fresh vegetables are nutritious and support overall health.

- Nutritious breakfast provides energy for productive school day.

passionate

adjektiva

penuh semangat, bergairah

Contoh

- Passionate speech moves audience to take action.

- Passionate teacher inspires students to learn more.

pollution

nomina

polusi, pencemaran

Contoh

- Air pollution affects public health in cities.

- Ocean pollution threatens marine life worldwide.

privacy

nomina

privasi, hak privasi

Contoh

- Hotel guests expect privacy during their stay.

- Internet privacy becomes increasingly important issue nowadays.

scenic

adjektiva

indah, berpanorama indah

Contoh

- Scenic overlook provides perfect spot for photographs.

- Scenic route takes longer but offers beautiful.

traditional

adjektiva

tradisional

Contoh

- Traditional cooking methods preserve authentic flavors perfectly.

- Traditional music reflects cultural history and values.

uneven

adjektiva

tidak rata

Contoh

- Uneven ground makes walking difficult and dangerous.

- Uneven performance shows inconsistent skill level development.

volunteer

verba

menjadi relawan, menawarkan diri

Contoh

- Citizens volunteer time for community improvement projects.

- Students volunteer at local charity organizations regularly.

substantially

adverbia

secara signifikan, secara substansial

Contoh

- Her performance substantially improved after additional training and practice.

- Prices have increased substantially over the past few months.

liaison

nomina

hubungan kerja, jalur komunikasi

Contoh

- Military liaison officers coordinate operations between allied forces.

- She serves as liaison between different departments.

sustainable

adjektiva

berkelanjutan

Contoh

- Company implements sustainable business model for long-term success.

- Sustainable farming practices protect soil and water resources.

acclaimed

adjektiva

dipuji, diakui

Contoh

- His performance was acclaimed by critics.

- The acclaimed author received many awards for her novel.

cancellation

nomina

pembatalan

Contoh

- Due to weather, the flight cancellation was inevitable.

- The concert's cancellation disappointed many fans.

discretion

nomina

kebijaksanaan, pertimbangan

Contoh

- He exercised discretion in his decisions.

- Use your discretion when sharing information.

indication

nomina

indikasi, tanda

Contoh

- The indication of his illness was clear after the tests.

- There was no indication that she was unhappy.

serenity

nomina

ketenangan, kedamaian

Contoh

- She maintained her serenity despite the chaos.

- The serenity of the lake was calming.

Cara Belajar Kolokasi

1. Pelajari kata sebagai pasangan, bukan sendirian

Jangan pernah mempelajari kata secara terpisah. Saat belajar “decision,” langsung pelajari “make a decision.” Saat belajar “rain,” pelajari “heavy rain.” Buku catatan kosakata Anda seharusnya memiliki dua kolom: kata dan kolokasi paling umumnya.

2. Banyak membaca

Kolokasi lebih banyak diserap melalui paparan daripada hafalan. Bacalah artikel dari Economist, BBC, Guardian, dan jurnal akademis. Saat melihat kombinasi kata yang terdengar alami, catatlah. Lama-kelamaan, kolokasi yang tepat akan mulai “terasa benar” meskipun Anda tidak dapat menjelaskan alasannya.

3. Gunakan kamus kolokasi

Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English adalah sumber khusus terbaik. Untuk kata mana pun yang dicari, kamus ini menunjukkan setiap kolokasi umum berdasarkan jenis (verba+, adjektiva+, nomina+, dan sebagainya). Alat daring seperti Ozdic.com menawarkan pencarian kolokasi gratis.

4. Belajar dari kesalahan

Ketika penutur asli atau guru mengoreksi pilihan kata Anda—“Kami mengatakan ‘heavy rain,’ bukan ‘strong rain’”—catat kolokasi yang benar. Kesalahan yang Anda sadari dan perbaiki melekat jauh lebih lama daripada kolokasi yang dibaca secara pasif.

5. Gunakan pengulangan berspasi

Tambahkan kolokasi ke Linglify atau sistem pengulangan berspasi lainnya. Pelajari sebagai unit lengkap: “make + decision” dalam satu kartu, bukan “make” dan “decision” secara terpisah. Untuk pendekatan hafalan berbasis sains, baca Cara Menghafal Kosakata.

6. Berlatih dengan membangun kalimat

Untuk setiap kolokasi baru, tulislah tiga kalimat dalam konteks berbeda. “Heavy rain” → (1) “We cancelled the picnic due to heavy rain.” (2) “Heavy rain is expected throughout the week.” (3) “The heavy rain caused flooding in low-lying areas.” Ini membangun keluwesan, bukan sekadar pengenalan.

Pendekatan belajar kolokasi: belajar berpasangan, banyak membaca, berlatih dengan kalimat, dan mengulas dengan pengulangan berspasi

Bacaan Selanjutnya

Panduan pilar ini memberi kerangka lengkap untuk memahami kolokasi. Berikut panduan pendalaman sesuai kebutuhan:

Menurut tingkat:

Menurut jenis:

Untuk ujian:

Kosakata terkait:

FAQ

Apa itu kolokasi dalam kata sederhana?

Kolokasi adalah dua kata atau lebih yang secara alami digunakan bersama dalam bahasa Inggris. “Make a decision” adalah kolokasi karena penutur Inggris selalu mengatakan “make” dengan “decision,” bukan “do a decision” atau “take a decision.” Kolokasi adalah kemitraan kata: kata tertentu memang cocok bersama, dan menggunakan pasangan salah terdengar tidak alami meskipun tata bahasanya benar.

Ada berapa banyak kolokasi dalam bahasa Inggris?

Puluhan ribu. Setiap kata benda umum mempunyai beberapa kolokasi kata kerja, sifat, dan keterangan. Oxford Collocations Dictionary mencantumkan lebih dari 150.000 kolokasi untuk 9.000 kata utama. Untuk kelancaran praktis, mempelajari kolokasi dari 2.000 kata bahasa Inggris yang paling umum mencakup sebagian besar kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari dan ujian.

Apa beda kolokasi dan kata majemuk?

Kata majemuk adalah unit tetap yang berfungsi sebagai satu kata: “traffic jam,” “greenhouse,” “cell phone.” Kolokasi adalah kemitraan kata yang lebih longgar: “heavy rain,” “make a decision,” “strongly recommend.” Banyak kata benda majemuk bermula sebagai kolokasi yang menjadi sangat tetap hingga menyatu sebagai satu konsep. Secara praktis, kata majemuk ada dalam kamus sebagai entri tunggal; kolokasi ditemukan di kamus kolokasi atau dipelajari melalui paparan.

Apakah kolokasi berbeda antara bahasa Inggris Britania dan Amerika?

Kebanyakan kolokasi sama pada kedua ragam. Namun, beberapa berbeda: orang Amerika mengatakan “take a shower” sedangkan sebagian penutur Britania mengatakan “have a shower.” Amerika memakai “do the math” dan Britania memakai “do the maths.” Perbedaan ini kecil dan kedua bentuk dipahami luas. Untuk IELTS dan TOEFL, kedua ragam diterima.

Seberapa penting kolokasi untuk IELTS?

Sangat penting. IELTS Band Descriptors untuk Lexical Resource menyebut kolokasi pada setiap tingkat band. Band 6 memakai “some less common items despite some inaccuracy.” Band 7 menunjukkan “awareness of style and collocation.” Band 8 memakai “uncommon lexical items” dengan “skilful use of collocation.” Dalam praktiknya, kolokasi tepat adalah salah satu cara tercepat naik dari Band 6,5 ke Band 7+.

Apa cara terbaik belajar kolokasi?

Pelajari sebagai pasangan (jangan belajar “decision” tanpa “make a decision”), banyak membaca dalam bahasa Inggris (kolokasi diserap melalui paparan), gunakan kamus kolokasi (Oxford Collocations Dictionary adalah standar emas), dan belajar dengan pengulangan berspasi. Inti pentingnya: kolokasi tidak dapat diturunkan dari aturan tata bahasa—kolokasi perlu ditemui, disadari, dan dilatih.

Dapatkah saya memakai tesaurus untuk mencari kolokasi?

Tidak. Tesaurus memberi sinonim (“big” → “large,” “huge,” “massive”), tetapi tidak memberi tahu sinonim mana yang cocok dengan kata benda tertentu. Tesaurus dapat menyatakan “big” dan “strong” sama-sama penguat, tetapi tidak akan memberi tahu bahwa hujan adalah “heavy” (bukan “big” atau “strong”) dan angin adalah “strong” (bukan “heavy” atau “big”). Gunakan kamus kolokasi khusus sebagai gantinya.